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Applications of Convexity in Semantics for Natural Language

Gärdenfors, Peter LU (2024) In Journal of Cognitive Science 25(4). p.431-458
Abstract

The purpose of the article is to present an overview of how convexity serves as a constraint on the semantics of natural language. I begin by presenting four question that a semantic theory should be able to answer. The semantic theory I propose is based on conceptual spaces, which are geometrical or topological structures provided with a betweenness relation. Previously, I have proposed the criterion that a natural concept is a convex region in a conceptual space. I show how this criterion can be expanded to an analysis of how convexity plays a role in the semantics of different word classes. I will show that the convexity criterion also improves the learnability of word meanings. Voronoi tessellations based on prototypes of categories... (More)

The purpose of the article is to present an overview of how convexity serves as a constraint on the semantics of natural language. I begin by presenting four question that a semantic theory should be able to answer. The semantic theory I propose is based on conceptual spaces, which are geometrical or topological structures provided with a betweenness relation. Previously, I have proposed the criterion that a natural concept is a convex region in a conceptual space. I show how this criterion can be expanded to an analysis of how convexity plays a role in the semantics of different word classes. I will show that the convexity criterion also improves the learnability of word meanings. Voronoi tessellations based on prototypes of categories can function as an efficient mechanism behind such learning processes. For many applications, a Euclidean or a city-block metric provides this relation, but for some word classes, for example color words and prepositions, polar convexity is required. Another topic concerns how the mappings between words and regions in conceptual spaces can be aligned between different individuals – in other words, how we know that we mean the same things when we use a word. If continuity and convexity of the mappings are assumed, Brouwer’s fixpoint theorem assures that there exist “meetings of minds” as regards word meanings.

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Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Brouwer’s fixpoint theorem, conceptual spaces, convexity, metrics, polar coordinates, semantics, Voronoi tessellations, word classes
in
Journal of Cognitive Science
volume
25
issue
4
pages
28 pages
external identifiers
  • scopus:105023574917
ISSN
1598-2327
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
1ff0a2b6-9e17-475c-98a4-238aacb3075d
alternative location
https://jcs.snu.ac.kr/issues/journal?md=download&artidx=322
date added to LUP
2026-02-10 09:36:26
date last changed
2026-02-10 09:37:28
@article{1ff0a2b6-9e17-475c-98a4-238aacb3075d,
  abstract     = {{<p>The purpose of the article is to present an overview of how convexity serves as a constraint on the semantics of natural language. I begin by presenting four question that a semantic theory should be able to answer. The semantic theory I propose is based on conceptual spaces, which are geometrical or topological structures provided with a betweenness relation. Previously, I have proposed the criterion that a natural concept is a convex region in a conceptual space. I show how this criterion can be expanded to an analysis of how convexity plays a role in the semantics of different word classes. I will show that the convexity criterion also improves the learnability of word meanings. Voronoi tessellations based on prototypes of categories can function as an efficient mechanism behind such learning processes. For many applications, a Euclidean or a city-block metric provides this relation, but for some word classes, for example color words and prepositions, polar convexity is required. Another topic concerns how the mappings between words and regions in conceptual spaces can be aligned between different individuals – in other words, how we know that we mean the same things when we use a word. If continuity and convexity of the mappings are assumed, Brouwer’s fixpoint theorem assures that there exist “meetings of minds” as regards word meanings.</p>}},
  author       = {{Gärdenfors, Peter}},
  issn         = {{1598-2327}},
  keywords     = {{Brouwer’s fixpoint theorem; conceptual spaces; convexity; metrics; polar coordinates; semantics; Voronoi tessellations; word classes}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{12}},
  number       = {{4}},
  pages        = {{431--458}},
  series       = {{Journal of Cognitive Science}},
  title        = {{Applications of Convexity in Semantics for Natural Language}},
  url          = {{https://jcs.snu.ac.kr/issues/journal?md=download&artidx=322}},
  volume       = {{25}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}