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Lifestyle changes in middle age and risk of cancer : evidence from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Botteri, Edoardo ; Peveri, Giulia ; Berstad, Paula ; Bagnardi, Vincenzo ; Hoff, Geir ; Heath, Alicia K. ; Cross, Amanda J. ; Vineis, Paolo ; Dossus, Laure and Johansson, Mattias , et al. (2024) In European Journal of Epidemiology
Abstract

In this study, we aimed to provide novel evidence on the impact of changing lifestyle habits on cancer risk. In the EPIC cohort, 295,865 middle-aged participants returned a lifestyle questionnaire at baseline and during follow-up. At both timepoints, we calculated a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) score based on cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index and physical activity. HLI ranged from 0 (most unfavourable) to 16 (most favourable). We estimated the association between HLI change and risk of lifestyle-related cancers—including cancer of the breast, lung, colorectum, stomach, liver, cervix, oesophagus, bladder, and others—using Cox regression models. We reported hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).... (More)

In this study, we aimed to provide novel evidence on the impact of changing lifestyle habits on cancer risk. In the EPIC cohort, 295,865 middle-aged participants returned a lifestyle questionnaire at baseline and during follow-up. At both timepoints, we calculated a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) score based on cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index and physical activity. HLI ranged from 0 (most unfavourable) to 16 (most favourable). We estimated the association between HLI change and risk of lifestyle-related cancers—including cancer of the breast, lung, colorectum, stomach, liver, cervix, oesophagus, bladder, and others—using Cox regression models. We reported hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Median time between the two questionnaires was 5.7 years, median age at follow-up questionnaire was 59 years. After the follow-up questionnaire, we observed 14,933 lifestyle-related cancers over a median follow-up of 7.8 years. Each unit increase in the HLI score was associated with 4% lower risk of lifestyle-related cancers (HR 0.96; 95%CI 0.95–0.97). Among participants in the top HLI third at baseline (HLI > 11), those in the bottom third at follow-up (HLI ≤ 9) had 21% higher risk of lifestyle-related cancers (HR 1.21; 95%CI 1.07–1.37) than those remaining in the top third. Among participants in the bottom HLI third at baseline, those in the top third at follow-up had 25% lower risk of lifestyle-related cancers (HR 0.75; 95%CI 0.65–0.86) than those remaining in the bottom third. These results indicate that lifestyle changes in middle age may have a significant impact on cancer risk.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
epub
subject
keywords
Cancer risk, Cohort study, Healthy lifestyle index, Lifestyle changes
in
European Journal of Epidemiology
publisher
Springer
external identifiers
  • pmid:38180593
  • scopus:85181484483
ISSN
0393-2990
DOI
10.1007/s10654-023-01059-4
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
31a21357-b713-483f-9504-0cf94a8d6ef4
date added to LUP
2024-02-06 11:44:45
date last changed
2024-04-22 18:49:19
@article{31a21357-b713-483f-9504-0cf94a8d6ef4,
  abstract     = {{<p>In this study, we aimed to provide novel evidence on the impact of changing lifestyle habits on cancer risk. In the EPIC cohort, 295,865 middle-aged participants returned a lifestyle questionnaire at baseline and during follow-up. At both timepoints, we calculated a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) score based on cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index and physical activity. HLI ranged from 0 (most unfavourable) to 16 (most favourable). We estimated the association between HLI change and risk of lifestyle-related cancers—including cancer of the breast, lung, colorectum, stomach, liver, cervix, oesophagus, bladder, and others—using Cox regression models. We reported hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Median time between the two questionnaires was 5.7 years, median age at follow-up questionnaire was 59 years. After the follow-up questionnaire, we observed 14,933 lifestyle-related cancers over a median follow-up of 7.8 years. Each unit increase in the HLI score was associated with 4% lower risk of lifestyle-related cancers (HR 0.96; 95%CI 0.95–0.97). Among participants in the top HLI third at baseline (HLI &gt; 11), those in the bottom third at follow-up (HLI ≤ 9) had 21% higher risk of lifestyle-related cancers (HR 1.21; 95%CI 1.07–1.37) than those remaining in the top third. Among participants in the bottom HLI third at baseline, those in the top third at follow-up had 25% lower risk of lifestyle-related cancers (HR 0.75; 95%CI 0.65–0.86) than those remaining in the bottom third. These results indicate that lifestyle changes in middle age may have a significant impact on cancer risk.</p>}},
  author       = {{Botteri, Edoardo and Peveri, Giulia and Berstad, Paula and Bagnardi, Vincenzo and Hoff, Geir and Heath, Alicia K. and Cross, Amanda J. and Vineis, Paolo and Dossus, Laure and Johansson, Mattias and Freisling, Heinz and Matta, Komodo and Huybrechts, Inge and Chen, Sairah L.F. and B. Borch, Kristin and Sandanger, Torkjel M. and H. Nøst, Therese and Dahm, Christina C. and Antoniussen, Christian S. and Tin Tin, Sandar and Fournier, Agnès and Marques, Chloé and Artaud, Fanny and Sánchez, Maria José and Guevara, Marcela and Santiuste, Carmen and Agudo, Antonio and Bajracharya, Rashmita and Katzke, Verena and Ricceri, Fulvio and Agnoli, Claudia and Bergmann, Manuela M. and Schulze, Matthias B. and Panico, Salvatore and Masala, Giovanna and Tjønneland, Anne and Olsen, Anja and Stocks, Tanja and Manjer, Jonas and Aizpurua-Atxega, Amaia and Weiderpass, Elisabete and Riboli, Elio and Gunter, Marc J. and Ferrari, Pietro}},
  issn         = {{0393-2990}},
  keywords     = {{Cancer risk; Cohort study; Healthy lifestyle index; Lifestyle changes}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Springer}},
  series       = {{European Journal of Epidemiology}},
  title        = {{Lifestyle changes in middle age and risk of cancer : evidence from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10654-023-01059-4}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s10654-023-01059-4}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}