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Monovalerin and trivalerin increase brain acetic acid, decrease liver succinic acid, and alter gut microbiota in rats fed high-fat diets

Nguyen, Thao Duy LU orcid ; Prykhodko, Olena LU ; Hållenius, Frida LU orcid and Nyman, Margareta LU (2018) In European Journal of Nutrition p.1-16
Abstract
Purpose
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are known for their anti-inflammatory properties and may also prevent against the development of metabolic diseases. This study investigated possible effects of two valeric acid esters, monovalerin (MV) and trivalerin (TV) in rats fed high-fat diets.
Methods
Four groups of rats were given a low-fat diet (LF) or a high-fat control diet (HFC) with or without supplementation of MV or TV (5 g/kg) for 3 weeks (n = 7/group). SCFA (caecum, blood, liver and brain), succinic acid (liver), microbiota (caecum), lipid profile (liver and blood) and the inflammatory biomarker, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (blood) were analysed at the end of the experiment.
Results
Supplementation of MV and... (More)
Purpose
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are known for their anti-inflammatory properties and may also prevent against the development of metabolic diseases. This study investigated possible effects of two valeric acid esters, monovalerin (MV) and trivalerin (TV) in rats fed high-fat diets.
Methods
Four groups of rats were given a low-fat diet (LF) or a high-fat control diet (HFC) with or without supplementation of MV or TV (5 g/kg) for 3 weeks (n = 7/group). SCFA (caecum, blood, liver and brain), succinic acid (liver), microbiota (caecum), lipid profile (liver and blood) and the inflammatory biomarker, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (blood) were analysed at the end of the experiment.
Results
Supplementation of MV and TV to a high-fat diet increased 1.5-fold the amounts of acetic acid in the brain and 1.7-fold serum concentration of valeric acid, whereas liver succinic acid was reduced by 1.5-fold. Although liver triglyceride levels were higher in both MV and TV groups compared with the LF group, liver LDL/HDL ratio was lower in the MV group (P < 0.05). The caecal microbiota composition was altered, with threefold higher abundance of Bacteroidetes and higher ratio of Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes in the MV group compared with the HFC and LF groups. Acetic acid in the brain was negatively correlated with TM7, family S24-7 and rc4-4, and positively associated to Tenericutes and Anaeroplasma.
Conclusions
The present study shows that MV and TV in the specified dose can affect caecal microbiota composition and, therefore, bacterial metabolites in the liver, serum and brain as well as the lipid profile in the liver. (Less)
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author
; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
European Journal of Nutrition
pages
1 - 16
publisher
Springer
external identifiers
  • scopus:85045248676
  • pmid:29651541
ISSN
1436-6215
DOI
10.1007/s00394-018-1688-z
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
5b7aba4e-aeff-43d9-a73e-4771bdcb086d
date added to LUP
2018-04-25 20:05:20
date last changed
2024-03-01 18:11:02
@article{5b7aba4e-aeff-43d9-a73e-4771bdcb086d,
  abstract     = {{Purpose<br>
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are known for their anti-inflammatory properties and may also prevent against the development of metabolic diseases. This study investigated possible effects of two valeric acid esters, monovalerin (MV) and trivalerin (TV) in rats fed high-fat diets.<br>
Methods<br>
Four groups of rats were given a low-fat diet (LF) or a high-fat control diet (HFC) with or without supplementation of MV or TV (5 g/kg) for 3 weeks (n = 7/group). SCFA (caecum, blood, liver and brain), succinic acid (liver), microbiota (caecum), lipid profile (liver and blood) and the inflammatory biomarker, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (blood) were analysed at the end of the experiment.<br>
Results<br>
Supplementation of MV and TV to a high-fat diet increased 1.5-fold the amounts of acetic acid in the brain and 1.7-fold serum concentration of valeric acid, whereas liver succinic acid was reduced by 1.5-fold. Although liver triglyceride levels were higher in both MV and TV groups compared with the LF group, liver LDL/HDL ratio was lower in the MV group (P &lt; 0.05). The caecal microbiota composition was altered, with threefold higher abundance of Bacteroidetes and higher ratio of Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes in the MV group compared with the HFC and LF groups. Acetic acid in the brain was negatively correlated with TM7, family S24-7 and rc4-4, and positively associated to Tenericutes and Anaeroplasma.<br>
Conclusions<br>
The present study shows that MV and TV in the specified dose can affect caecal microbiota composition and, therefore, bacterial metabolites in the liver, serum and brain as well as the lipid profile in the liver.}},
  author       = {{Nguyen, Thao Duy and Prykhodko, Olena and Hållenius, Frida and Nyman, Margareta}},
  issn         = {{1436-6215}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{04}},
  pages        = {{1--16}},
  publisher    = {{Springer}},
  series       = {{European Journal of Nutrition}},
  title        = {{Monovalerin and trivalerin increase brain acetic acid, decrease liver succinic acid, and alter gut microbiota in rats fed high-fat diets}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00394-018-1688-z}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s00394-018-1688-z}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}