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Inducing ferroelastic domains in single-crystal CsPbBr3 perovskite nanowires using atomic force microscopy

Marçal, Lucas A.B. LU ; Benter, Sandra LU ; Irish, Austin LU ; Dzhigaev, Dmitry LU orcid ; Oksenberg, Eitan ; Rothman, Amnon ; Sanders, Ella ; Hammarberg, Susanna LU ; Zhang, Zhaojun LU and Sala, Simone LU , et al. (2021) In Physical Review Materials 5(6).
Abstract

Ferroelectric and ferroelastic domains have been predicted to enhance metal halide perovskite (MHP) solar cell performance. While the formation of such domains can be modified by temperature, pressure, or strain, established methods lack spatial control at the level of single domains. Here, we induce the formation of ferroelastic domains in CsPbBr3 nanowires at room temperature using an atomic force microscope (AFM) tip and visualize the domains using nanofocused x-ray diffraction with a 60 nm beam. Regions scanned with a low AFM tip force show orthorhombic 004 reflections along the nanowire axis, while regions exposed to higher forces exhibit 220 reflections. The applied stress locally changes the crystal structure, leading to lattice... (More)

Ferroelectric and ferroelastic domains have been predicted to enhance metal halide perovskite (MHP) solar cell performance. While the formation of such domains can be modified by temperature, pressure, or strain, established methods lack spatial control at the level of single domains. Here, we induce the formation of ferroelastic domains in CsPbBr3 nanowires at room temperature using an atomic force microscope (AFM) tip and visualize the domains using nanofocused x-ray diffraction with a 60 nm beam. Regions scanned with a low AFM tip force show orthorhombic 004 reflections along the nanowire axis, while regions exposed to higher forces exhibit 220 reflections. The applied stress locally changes the crystal structure, leading to lattice tilts that define ferroelastic domains, which spread spatially and terminate at {112}-type domain walls. The ability to induce individual ferroelastic domains within MHPs using AFM gives new possibilities for device design and fundamental experimental studies.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
CsPbBr3 perovskite nanowires, Atomic force microscopy, Ferroelasticity, Ferroelectrics
in
Physical Review Materials
volume
5
issue
6
article number
L063001
publisher
American Physical Society
external identifiers
  • scopus:85108014945
ISSN
2475-9953
DOI
10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.5.L063001
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
Funding Information: This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (Grant No. 801847). This research was also funded by the Olle Engkvist Foundation, NanoLund, and Marie Sklodowska Curie Actions Cofund, Project INCA 600398. We acknowledge MAX IV Laboratory for time on Beamline NanoMAX under Proposal 20190248. Research conducted at MAX IV, a Swedish national user facility, is supported by the Swedish Research Council under Contract No. 2018-07152, the Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems under Contract No. 2018-04969, and Formas under Contract No. 2019-02496. E.J. acknowledges support from the ERC PoC Grant (No. 838702) and the Israel Science Foundation (No. 2444/19). E.J. holds the Drake Family Professorial Chair of Nanotechnology. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
id
5d85ec69-1342-4d86-8c4d-d05cd77d64dc
date added to LUP
2021-06-24 08:28:00
date last changed
2023-11-08 15:53:49
@article{5d85ec69-1342-4d86-8c4d-d05cd77d64dc,
  abstract     = {{<p>Ferroelectric and ferroelastic domains have been predicted to enhance metal halide perovskite (MHP) solar cell performance. While the formation of such domains can be modified by temperature, pressure, or strain, established methods lack spatial control at the level of single domains. Here, we induce the formation of ferroelastic domains in CsPbBr3 nanowires at room temperature using an atomic force microscope (AFM) tip and visualize the domains using nanofocused x-ray diffraction with a 60 nm beam. Regions scanned with a low AFM tip force show orthorhombic 004 reflections along the nanowire axis, while regions exposed to higher forces exhibit 220 reflections. The applied stress locally changes the crystal structure, leading to lattice tilts that define ferroelastic domains, which spread spatially and terminate at {112}-type domain walls. The ability to induce individual ferroelastic domains within MHPs using AFM gives new possibilities for device design and fundamental experimental studies.</p>}},
  author       = {{Marçal, Lucas A.B. and Benter, Sandra and Irish, Austin and Dzhigaev, Dmitry and Oksenberg, Eitan and Rothman, Amnon and Sanders, Ella and Hammarberg, Susanna and Zhang, Zhaojun and Sala, Simone and Björling, Alexander and Unger, Eva and Mikkelsen, Anders and Joselevich, Ernesto and Timm, Rainer and Wallentin, Jesper}},
  issn         = {{2475-9953}},
  keywords     = {{CsPbBr3 perovskite nanowires; Atomic force microscopy; Ferroelasticity; Ferroelectrics}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{06}},
  number       = {{6}},
  publisher    = {{American Physical Society}},
  series       = {{Physical Review Materials}},
  title        = {{Inducing ferroelastic domains in single-crystal CsPbBr3 perovskite nanowires using atomic force microscopy}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.5.L063001}},
  doi          = {{10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.5.L063001}},
  volume       = {{5}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}