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Inverse association between Paleolithic Diet Fraction and mortality and incidence of cardiometabolic disease in the prospective Malmö Diet and Cancer Study

Rydhög, Björn LU ; Carrera-Bastos, Pedro LU ; Granfeldt, Yvonne LU ; Sundquist, Kristina LU ; Sonestedt, Emily LU orcid ; Nilsson, Peter M. LU and Jönsson, Tommy LU (2023) In European Journal of Nutrition
Abstract

Purpose: Paleolithic Diet Fraction (PDF) estimates how large a portion of the absolute dietary intake stems from food groups included in the Paleolithic diet. In randomized controlled trials higher PDFs have been associated with healthier levels of cardiometabolic risk markers. Our aim was to build upon these findings by examining associations between PDF and mortality and incidence of cardiometabolic disease in the prospective Malmö Diet and Cancer Study. Methods: PDF was calculated from an interview-based, modified diet history method, and associations were estimated by using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression. The examined cohort consisted of 24,104 individuals (44–74 years, 63% women) without previous coronary events,... (More)

Purpose: Paleolithic Diet Fraction (PDF) estimates how large a portion of the absolute dietary intake stems from food groups included in the Paleolithic diet. In randomized controlled trials higher PDFs have been associated with healthier levels of cardiometabolic risk markers. Our aim was to build upon these findings by examining associations between PDF and mortality and incidence of cardiometabolic disease in the prospective Malmö Diet and Cancer Study. Methods: PDF was calculated from an interview-based, modified diet history method, and associations were estimated by using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression. The examined cohort consisted of 24,104 individuals (44–74 years, 63% women) without previous coronary events, diabetes, or stroke at baseline (1992–1996). A total of 10,092 individuals died during a median follow-up of 18 years. Results: Median PDF was 40% (0–90%). The adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for PDF as a continuous variable (from 0 to 100%) were for risk of death from all causes 0.55 [95% CI 0.45, 0.66], tumor 0.68 [95% CI 0.49, 0.93], cardiovascular 0.55 [95% CI 0.39, 0.78], respiratory 0.44 [95% CI 0.21, 0.90], neurological 0.26 [95% CI 0.11, 0.60], digestive, 0.10 [95% CI 0.03, 0.30], and other diseases 0.64 [95% CI 0.41, 1.00]. The corresponding HR for risk of coronary event was 0.61 [95% 0.43, 0.86], for ischemic stroke it was 0.73 [95% 0.48, 1.09] and for type 2 diabetes it was 0.82 [95% 0.61, 1.10]. Conclusion: Observational data suggest an inverse association between PDF and all-cause as well as cause-specific mortality and incidence of cardiometabolic disease.

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author
; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
in press
subject
keywords
Cardiometabolic disease, Cohort study, Diet, HR hazard ratio, ICD International Classification of Diseases, Mortality, Paleolithic Diet Fraction
in
European Journal of Nutrition
publisher
Springer
external identifiers
  • pmid:38078965
  • scopus:85179327380
ISSN
1436-6207
DOI
10.1007/s00394-023-03279-6
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
5fbd100b-aba0-4894-8ba5-a369df4b25e3
date added to LUP
2024-01-11 11:50:07
date last changed
2024-04-12 05:41:55
@article{5fbd100b-aba0-4894-8ba5-a369df4b25e3,
  abstract     = {{<p>Purpose: Paleolithic Diet Fraction (PDF) estimates how large a portion of the absolute dietary intake stems from food groups included in the Paleolithic diet. In randomized controlled trials higher PDFs have been associated with healthier levels of cardiometabolic risk markers. Our aim was to build upon these findings by examining associations between PDF and mortality and incidence of cardiometabolic disease in the prospective Malmö Diet and Cancer Study. Methods: PDF was calculated from an interview-based, modified diet history method, and associations were estimated by using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression. The examined cohort consisted of 24,104 individuals (44–74 years, 63% women) without previous coronary events, diabetes, or stroke at baseline (1992–1996). A total of 10,092 individuals died during a median follow-up of 18 years. Results: Median PDF was 40% (0–90%). The adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for PDF as a continuous variable (from 0 to 100%) were for risk of death from all causes 0.55 [95% CI 0.45, 0.66], tumor 0.68 [95% CI 0.49, 0.93], cardiovascular 0.55 [95% CI 0.39, 0.78], respiratory 0.44 [95% CI 0.21, 0.90], neurological 0.26 [95% CI 0.11, 0.60], digestive, 0.10 [95% CI 0.03, 0.30], and other diseases 0.64 [95% CI 0.41, 1.00]. The corresponding HR for risk of coronary event was 0.61 [95% 0.43, 0.86], for ischemic stroke it was 0.73 [95% 0.48, 1.09] and for type 2 diabetes it was 0.82 [95% 0.61, 1.10]. Conclusion: Observational data suggest an inverse association between PDF and all-cause as well as cause-specific mortality and incidence of cardiometabolic disease.</p>}},
  author       = {{Rydhög, Björn and Carrera-Bastos, Pedro and Granfeldt, Yvonne and Sundquist, Kristina and Sonestedt, Emily and Nilsson, Peter M. and Jönsson, Tommy}},
  issn         = {{1436-6207}},
  keywords     = {{Cardiometabolic disease; Cohort study; Diet; HR hazard ratio; ICD International Classification of Diseases; Mortality; Paleolithic Diet Fraction}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Springer}},
  series       = {{European Journal of Nutrition}},
  title        = {{Inverse association between Paleolithic Diet Fraction and mortality and incidence of cardiometabolic disease in the prospective Malmö Diet and Cancer Study}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00394-023-03279-6}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s00394-023-03279-6}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}