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Infectious complications after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest—A comparison between two target temperatures

Dankiewicz, Josef LU orcid ; Nielsen, Niklas LU ; Linder, Adam LU ; Kuiper, Michael ; Wise, Matthew P ; Cronberg, Tobias LU ; Erlinge, David LU orcid ; Gasche, Yvan ; Harmon, Matthew B. and Hassager, Christian , et al. (2017) In Resuscitation 113. p.70-76
Abstract

Background It has been suggested that target temperature management (TTM) increases the probability of infectious complications after cardiac arrest. We aimed to compare the incidence of pneumonia, severe sepsis and septic shock after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in patients with two target temperatures and to describe changes in biomarkers and possible mortality associated with these infectious complications. Methods Post-hoc analysis of the TTM-trial which randomized patients resuscitated from OHCA to a target temperature of 33 °C or 36 °C. Prospective data on infectious complications were recorded daily during the ICU-stay. Pneumonia, severe sepsis and septic shock were considered infectious complications. Procalcitonin... (More)

Background It has been suggested that target temperature management (TTM) increases the probability of infectious complications after cardiac arrest. We aimed to compare the incidence of pneumonia, severe sepsis and septic shock after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in patients with two target temperatures and to describe changes in biomarkers and possible mortality associated with these infectious complications. Methods Post-hoc analysis of the TTM-trial which randomized patients resuscitated from OHCA to a target temperature of 33 °C or 36 °C. Prospective data on infectious complications were recorded daily during the ICU-stay. Pneumonia, severe sepsis and septic shock were considered infectious complications. Procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive-protein (CRP) levels were measured at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after cardiac arrest. Results There were 939 patients in the modified intention-to-treat population. Five-hundred patients (53%) developed pneumonia, severe sepsis or septic shock which was associated with mortality in multivariate analysis (Hazard ratio [HR] 1.39; 95%CI 1.13–1.70; p = 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of infectious complications between temperature groups (sub-distribution hazard ratio [SHR] 0.88; 95%CI 0.75–1.03; p = 0.12). PCT and CRP were significantly higher for patients with infections at all times (p < 0.001), but there was considerable overlap. Conclusions Patients who develop pneumonia, severe sepsis or septic shock after OHCA might have an increased mortality. A target temperature of 33 °C after OHCA was not associated with an increased risk of infectious complications compared to a target temperature of 36 °C. PCT and CRP are of limited value for diagnosing infectious complications after cardiac arrest.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
c-Reactive protein, Hypothermia, Infection, Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, Procalcitonin
in
Resuscitation
volume
113
pages
7 pages
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • pmid:27993631
  • wos:000400455200029
  • scopus:85013224779
ISSN
0300-9572
DOI
10.1016/j.resuscitation.2016.12.008
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
61cbfc42-e630-450e-bf4b-4e6d7d671bf0
date added to LUP
2017-03-03 12:26:35
date last changed
2025-02-17 12:23:45
@article{61cbfc42-e630-450e-bf4b-4e6d7d671bf0,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background It has been suggested that target temperature management (TTM) increases the probability of infectious complications after cardiac arrest. We aimed to compare the incidence of pneumonia, severe sepsis and septic shock after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in patients with two target temperatures and to describe changes in biomarkers and possible mortality associated with these infectious complications. Methods Post-hoc analysis of the TTM-trial which randomized patients resuscitated from OHCA to a target temperature of 33 °C or 36 °C. Prospective data on infectious complications were recorded daily during the ICU-stay. Pneumonia, severe sepsis and septic shock were considered infectious complications. Procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive-protein (CRP) levels were measured at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after cardiac arrest. Results There were 939 patients in the modified intention-to-treat population. Five-hundred patients (53%) developed pneumonia, severe sepsis or septic shock which was associated with mortality in multivariate analysis (Hazard ratio [HR] 1.39; 95%CI 1.13–1.70; p = 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of infectious complications between temperature groups (sub-distribution hazard ratio [SHR] 0.88; 95%CI 0.75–1.03; p = 0.12). PCT and CRP were significantly higher for patients with infections at all times (p &lt; 0.001), but there was considerable overlap. Conclusions Patients who develop pneumonia, severe sepsis or septic shock after OHCA might have an increased mortality. A target temperature of 33 °C after OHCA was not associated with an increased risk of infectious complications compared to a target temperature of 36 °C. PCT and CRP are of limited value for diagnosing infectious complications after cardiac arrest.</p>}},
  author       = {{Dankiewicz, Josef and Nielsen, Niklas and Linder, Adam and Kuiper, Michael and Wise, Matthew P and Cronberg, Tobias and Erlinge, David and Gasche, Yvan and Harmon, Matthew B. and Hassager, Christian and Horn, Janneke and Kjaergaard, Jesper and Pellis, Tommaso and Stammet, Pascal and Undén, Johan and Wanscher, Michael and Wetterslev, Jørn and Åneman, Anders and Ullén, Susann and Juffermans, Nicole P. and Friberg, Hans}},
  issn         = {{0300-9572}},
  keywords     = {{c-Reactive protein; Hypothermia; Infection; Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest; Procalcitonin}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{04}},
  pages        = {{70--76}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Resuscitation}},
  title        = {{Infectious complications after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest—A comparison between two target temperatures}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2016.12.008}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.resuscitation.2016.12.008}},
  volume       = {{113}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}