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Charging Requirement and Grid Impact from Electric Heavy Construction Equipment

Callanan, Alice LU ; Frank, Bobbie LU ; Marquez Fernandez, Francisco J. LU orcid and Samuelsson, Olof LU (2025)
Abstract
The construction sector contributes around 37 % of global CO2 emissions, highlighting the need for de-carbonization. Part of the emissions originate in the use of diesel-driven heavy equipment. Considering the fast pace of transitioning from fossil fuels to electricity in other vehicle sectors, this may be a possible path for heavy equipment, considering the introduction of electric heavy equipment on the market. This study presents a model to calculate the charging requirements of a fully electrified heavy equipment fleet, applied in the study area of Skåne in Sweden. The charging loads are created through a Monte Carlo simulation, enabling probabilistic load flow simulations. Using the actual power grid model in the study area, provided... (More)
The construction sector contributes around 37 % of global CO2 emissions, highlighting the need for de-carbonization. Part of the emissions originate in the use of diesel-driven heavy equipment. Considering the fast pace of transitioning from fossil fuels to electricity in other vehicle sectors, this may be a possible path for heavy equipment, considering the introduction of electric heavy equipment on the market. This study presents a model to calculate the charging requirements of a fully electrified heavy equipment fleet, applied in the study area of Skåne in Sweden. The charging loads are created through a Monte Carlo simulation, enabling probabilistic load flow simulations. Using the actual power grid model in the study area, provided by the local grid owners, allows for the exploration of how the charging loads are correlated to other loads and generators in the system. This study shows that the charging behavior largely affects the size of the peak charging powers, reaching peaks of up to 20 MW on primary substation transformer level (135/22 kV or 135/11 kV). The aggregated heavy equipment charging loads are shown to cause overloads in 18 out of 86 substations. Furthermore, the probabilistic load flow simulation shows that the highest peak charging loads do not directly correspond to the highest loaded transformers, stressing the necessity to perform power grid simulations when examining grid capacity impact. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding
publication status
published
subject
host publication
2025 IEEE Kiel PowerTech
publisher
IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
ISBN
979-8-3315-4397-6
DOI
10.1109/PowerTech59965.2025.11180247
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
9276cdef-6df7-42bb-9bdd-bfd0b74eb202
date added to LUP
2025-10-07 10:05:22
date last changed
2025-10-17 12:03:52
@inproceedings{9276cdef-6df7-42bb-9bdd-bfd0b74eb202,
  abstract     = {{The construction sector contributes around 37 % of global CO2 emissions, highlighting the need for de-carbonization. Part of the emissions originate in the use of diesel-driven heavy equipment. Considering the fast pace of transitioning from fossil fuels to electricity in other vehicle sectors, this may be a possible path for heavy equipment, considering the introduction of electric heavy equipment on the market. This study presents a model to calculate the charging requirements of a fully electrified heavy equipment fleet, applied in the study area of Skåne in Sweden. The charging loads are created through a Monte Carlo simulation, enabling probabilistic load flow simulations. Using the actual power grid model in the study area, provided by the local grid owners, allows for the exploration of how the charging loads are correlated to other loads and generators in the system. This study shows that the charging behavior largely affects the size of the peak charging powers, reaching peaks of up to 20 MW on primary substation transformer level (135/22 kV or 135/11 kV). The aggregated heavy equipment charging loads are shown to cause overloads in 18 out of 86 substations. Furthermore, the probabilistic load flow simulation shows that the highest peak charging loads do not directly correspond to the highest loaded transformers, stressing the necessity to perform power grid simulations when examining grid capacity impact.}},
  author       = {{Callanan, Alice and Frank, Bobbie and Marquez Fernandez, Francisco J. and Samuelsson, Olof}},
  booktitle    = {{2025 IEEE Kiel PowerTech}},
  isbn         = {{979-8-3315-4397-6}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{10}},
  publisher    = {{IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}},
  title        = {{Charging Requirement and Grid Impact from Electric Heavy Construction Equipment}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/PowerTech59965.2025.11180247}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/PowerTech59965.2025.11180247}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}