Cell-biological studies of osmotic shock response in Streptomyces spp
(2017) In Journal of Bacteriology 199(1).- Abstract
Most bacteria are likely to face osmotic challenges, but there is yet much to learn about how such environmental changes affect the architecture of bacterial cells. Here, we report a cell-biological study in model organisms of the genus Streptomyces, which are actinobacteria that grow in a highly polarized fashion to form branching hyphae. The characteristic apical growth of Streptomyces hyphae is orchestrated by protein assemblies, called polarisomes, which contain coiled-coil proteins DivIVA and Scy, and recruit cell wall synthesis complexes and the stressbearing cytoskeleton of FilP to the tip regions of the hyphae. We monitored cell growth and cell-architectural changes by time-lapse microscopy in osmotic upshift experiments.... (More)
Most bacteria are likely to face osmotic challenges, but there is yet much to learn about how such environmental changes affect the architecture of bacterial cells. Here, we report a cell-biological study in model organisms of the genus Streptomyces, which are actinobacteria that grow in a highly polarized fashion to form branching hyphae. The characteristic apical growth of Streptomyces hyphae is orchestrated by protein assemblies, called polarisomes, which contain coiled-coil proteins DivIVA and Scy, and recruit cell wall synthesis complexes and the stressbearing cytoskeleton of FilP to the tip regions of the hyphae. We monitored cell growth and cell-architectural changes by time-lapse microscopy in osmotic upshift experiments. Hyperosmotic shock caused arrest of growth, loss of turgor, and hypercondensation of chromosomes. The recovery period was protracted, presumably due to the dehydrated state of the cytoplasm, before hyphae could restore their turgor and start to grow again. In most hyphae, this regrowth did not take place at the original hyphal tips. Instead, cell polarity was reprogrammed, and polarisomes were redistributed to new sites, leading to the emergence of multiple lateral branches from which growth occurred. Factors known to regulate the branching pattern of Streptomyces hyphae, such as the serine/threonine kinase AfsK and Scy, were not involved in reprogramming of cell polarity, indicating that different mechanisms may act under different environmental conditions to control hyphal branching. Our observations of hyphal morphology during the stress response indicate that turgor and sufficient hydration of cytoplasm are required for Streptomyces tip growth.
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- author
- Fuchino, Katsuya LU ; Flärdh, Klas LU ; Dyson, Paul and Ausmees, Nora LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2017
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Apical growth, Bacterial cytoskeleton, Osmotic stress response, Streptomyces, Turgor
- in
- Journal of Bacteriology
- volume
- 199
- issue
- 1
- article number
- e00465-16
- publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- external identifiers
-
- scopus:85008501950
- pmid:27795320
- wos:000391288200009
- ISSN
- 0021-9193
- DOI
- 10.1128/JB.00465-16
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- ba3c3736-006b-4da0-82cd-ac260812cd84
- alternative location
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5165099/
- date added to LUP
- 2017-03-16 14:01:14
- date last changed
- 2024-06-09 13:10:45
@article{ba3c3736-006b-4da0-82cd-ac260812cd84,
abstract = {{<p>Most bacteria are likely to face osmotic challenges, but there is yet much to learn about how such environmental changes affect the architecture of bacterial cells. Here, we report a cell-biological study in model organisms of the genus Streptomyces, which are actinobacteria that grow in a highly polarized fashion to form branching hyphae. The characteristic apical growth of Streptomyces hyphae is orchestrated by protein assemblies, called polarisomes, which contain coiled-coil proteins DivIVA and Scy, and recruit cell wall synthesis complexes and the stressbearing cytoskeleton of FilP to the tip regions of the hyphae. We monitored cell growth and cell-architectural changes by time-lapse microscopy in osmotic upshift experiments. Hyperosmotic shock caused arrest of growth, loss of turgor, and hypercondensation of chromosomes. The recovery period was protracted, presumably due to the dehydrated state of the cytoplasm, before hyphae could restore their turgor and start to grow again. In most hyphae, this regrowth did not take place at the original hyphal tips. Instead, cell polarity was reprogrammed, and polarisomes were redistributed to new sites, leading to the emergence of multiple lateral branches from which growth occurred. Factors known to regulate the branching pattern of Streptomyces hyphae, such as the serine/threonine kinase AfsK and Scy, were not involved in reprogramming of cell polarity, indicating that different mechanisms may act under different environmental conditions to control hyphal branching. Our observations of hyphal morphology during the stress response indicate that turgor and sufficient hydration of cytoplasm are required for Streptomyces tip growth.</p>}},
author = {{Fuchino, Katsuya and Flärdh, Klas and Dyson, Paul and Ausmees, Nora}},
issn = {{0021-9193}},
keywords = {{Apical growth; Bacterial cytoskeleton; Osmotic stress response; Streptomyces; Turgor}},
language = {{eng}},
number = {{1}},
publisher = {{American Society for Microbiology}},
series = {{Journal of Bacteriology}},
title = {{Cell-biological studies of osmotic shock response in Streptomyces spp}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.00465-16}},
doi = {{10.1128/JB.00465-16}},
volume = {{199}},
year = {{2017}},
}