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Tubular and glomerular kidney effects in Swedish women with low environmental cadmium exposure

Akesson, AA ; Lundh, Thomas LU ; Vahter, M ; Bjellerup, P ; Lidfeldt, Jonas LU ; Nerbrand, Christina LU ; Samsioe, Göran LU ; Strömberg, Ulf LU and Skerfving, Staffan LU (2005) In Environmental Health Perspectives 113(11). p.1627-1631
Abstract
Cadmium is a well-known nephrotoxic agent in food and tobacco, but the exposure level that is critical for kidney effects in the general population is not defined. Within a population-based women's health survey in southern Sweden (Women's Health in the Lund Area, WHILA), we investigated cadmium exposure in relation to tubular and glomerular function, from 1999 through early 2000 in 820 women (71% participation rate) 53-64 years of age. Multiple linear regression showed cadmium in blood (median, 0.38 mu g/L) and urine (0.52 mu g/L; density adjusted = 0.67 mu g/g creatinine) to be significantly associated with effects on renal tubules (as indicated by increased levels of human complex-forming protein and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase in... (More)
Cadmium is a well-known nephrotoxic agent in food and tobacco, but the exposure level that is critical for kidney effects in the general population is not defined. Within a population-based women's health survey in southern Sweden (Women's Health in the Lund Area, WHILA), we investigated cadmium exposure in relation to tubular and glomerular function, from 1999 through early 2000 in 820 women (71% participation rate) 53-64 years of age. Multiple linear regression showed cadmium in blood (median, 0.38 mu g/L) and urine (0.52 mu g/L; density adjusted = 0.67 mu g/g creatinine) to be significantly associated with effects on renal tubules (as indicated by increased levels of human complex-forming protein and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase in urine), after adjusting for age, body mass index, blood lead, diabetes, hypertension, and regular use of nephrotoxic drugs. The associations remained significant even at the low exposure in women who had never smoked. We also found associations with markers of glomerular effects: glomerular filtration rate and creatinine clearance. Significant effects were seen already at a mean urinary cadmium level of 0.6 mu g/L (0.8 mu g/g creatinine). Cadmium potentiated diabetes-induced effects on kidney. In conclusion, tubular renal effects occurred at lower cadmium levels than previously demonstrated, and more important, glomerular effects were also observed. Although the effects were small, they may represent early signs of adverse effects, affecting large segments of the population. Subjects with diabetes seem to be at increased risk. (Less)
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author
; ; ; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
lead, kidney, hypertension, glomerular effects, environmental exposure, cadmium, diabetes, population-based, tubular effects, women
in
Environmental Health Perspectives
volume
113
issue
11
pages
1627 - 1631
publisher
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
external identifiers
  • wos:000232916700049
  • pmid:16263522
  • scopus:27744460106
ISSN
1552-9924
DOI
10.1289/ehp.8033
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
ccac4092-9a0b-4282-a47c-2f0320c5ab34 (old id 214284)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 15:19:04
date last changed
2022-03-30 00:37:26
@article{ccac4092-9a0b-4282-a47c-2f0320c5ab34,
  abstract     = {{Cadmium is a well-known nephrotoxic agent in food and tobacco, but the exposure level that is critical for kidney effects in the general population is not defined. Within a population-based women's health survey in southern Sweden (Women's Health in the Lund Area, WHILA), we investigated cadmium exposure in relation to tubular and glomerular function, from 1999 through early 2000 in 820 women (71% participation rate) 53-64 years of age. Multiple linear regression showed cadmium in blood (median, 0.38 mu g/L) and urine (0.52 mu g/L; density adjusted = 0.67 mu g/g creatinine) to be significantly associated with effects on renal tubules (as indicated by increased levels of human complex-forming protein and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase in urine), after adjusting for age, body mass index, blood lead, diabetes, hypertension, and regular use of nephrotoxic drugs. The associations remained significant even at the low exposure in women who had never smoked. We also found associations with markers of glomerular effects: glomerular filtration rate and creatinine clearance. Significant effects were seen already at a mean urinary cadmium level of 0.6 mu g/L (0.8 mu g/g creatinine). Cadmium potentiated diabetes-induced effects on kidney. In conclusion, tubular renal effects occurred at lower cadmium levels than previously demonstrated, and more important, glomerular effects were also observed. Although the effects were small, they may represent early signs of adverse effects, affecting large segments of the population. Subjects with diabetes seem to be at increased risk.}},
  author       = {{Akesson, AA and Lundh, Thomas and Vahter, M and Bjellerup, P and Lidfeldt, Jonas and Nerbrand, Christina and Samsioe, Göran and Strömberg, Ulf and Skerfving, Staffan}},
  issn         = {{1552-9924}},
  keywords     = {{lead; kidney; hypertension; glomerular effects; environmental exposure; cadmium; diabetes; population-based; tubular effects; women}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{11}},
  pages        = {{1627--1631}},
  publisher    = {{National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences}},
  series       = {{Environmental Health Perspectives}},
  title        = {{Tubular and glomerular kidney effects in Swedish women with low environmental cadmium exposure}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8033}},
  doi          = {{10.1289/ehp.8033}},
  volume       = {{113}},
  year         = {{2005}},
}