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Hydraulic force is a novel mechanism of diastolic function which may contribute to decreased diastolic filling in HFpEF and facilitate filling in HFrEF

Steding-Ehrenborg, Katarina LU ; Hedström, Erik LU orcid ; Carlsson, Marcus LU ; Maksuti, Elira ; Broomé, Michael ; Ugander, Martin LU ; Magnusson, Martin LU orcid ; Smith, J Gustav LU and Arheden, Håkan LU (2021) In Journal of Applied Physiology 130(4). p.993-1000
Abstract

BACKGROUND: A hydraulic force generated by blood moving the atrio-ventricular plane is a novel mechanism of diastolic function. The direction and magnitude of the force is dependent on the geometrical relationship between the left atrium and ventricle and is measured as the short-axis atrio-ventricular area difference (AVAD). In short, the net hydraulic force acts from a larger area towards a smaller. It is currently unknown how cardiac remodeling affects this mechanism. The aim of the study was therefore to investigate this diastolic mechanism in patients with pathological or physiological remodeling.

METHODS: 70 subjects (n=11 heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), n=10 heart failure with reduced ejection... (More)

BACKGROUND: A hydraulic force generated by blood moving the atrio-ventricular plane is a novel mechanism of diastolic function. The direction and magnitude of the force is dependent on the geometrical relationship between the left atrium and ventricle and is measured as the short-axis atrio-ventricular area difference (AVAD). In short, the net hydraulic force acts from a larger area towards a smaller. It is currently unknown how cardiac remodeling affects this mechanism. The aim of the study was therefore to investigate this diastolic mechanism in patients with pathological or physiological remodeling.

METHODS: 70 subjects (n=11 heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), n=10 heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), n=7 signs of isolated diastolic dysfunction, n=10 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), n=10 cardiac amyloidosis, n=18 triathletes and n=14 controls) were included. Subjects underwent Cardiac MR and short-axis images of the left atrium and ventricle were delineated. AVAD was calculated as ventricular area minus atrial area and used as an indicator of net hydraulic force.

RESULTS: At the onset of diastole, AVAD in HFpEF was median -9.2 cm2 versus -4.4 cm2 in controls, p=0.02). The net hydraulic force was directed towards the ventricle for both, but larger in HFpEF. HFrEF was the only group with a positive median value 11.6 cm2 and net hydraulic force was throughout diastole directed towards the atrium.

CONCLUSION: The net hydraulic force may impede cardiac filling throughout diastole in HFpEF, worsening diastolic dysfunction. In contrast, it may work favorably in patients with dilated ventricles and aid ventricular filling.

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author
; ; ; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Journal of Applied Physiology
volume
130
issue
4
pages
993 - 1000
publisher
American Physiological Society
external identifiers
  • pmid:33539261
  • scopus:85104276619
ISSN
1522-1601
DOI
10.1152/japplphysiol.00890.2020
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
d9aa3786-739e-45b5-b0cf-2e0b643d10af
date added to LUP
2021-02-11 09:30:16
date last changed
2024-06-14 09:57:45
@article{d9aa3786-739e-45b5-b0cf-2e0b643d10af,
  abstract     = {{<p>BACKGROUND: A hydraulic force generated by blood moving the atrio-ventricular plane is a novel mechanism of diastolic function. The direction and magnitude of the force is dependent on the geometrical relationship between the left atrium and ventricle and is measured as the short-axis atrio-ventricular area difference (AVAD). In short, the net hydraulic force acts from a larger area towards a smaller. It is currently unknown how cardiac remodeling affects this mechanism. The aim of the study was therefore to investigate this diastolic mechanism in patients with pathological or physiological remodeling.</p><p>METHODS: 70 subjects (n=11 heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), n=10 heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), n=7 signs of isolated diastolic dysfunction, n=10 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), n=10 cardiac amyloidosis, n=18 triathletes and n=14 controls) were included. Subjects underwent Cardiac MR and short-axis images of the left atrium and ventricle were delineated. AVAD was calculated as ventricular area minus atrial area and used as an indicator of net hydraulic force.</p><p>RESULTS: At the onset of diastole, AVAD in HFpEF was median -9.2 cm2 versus -4.4 cm2 in controls, p=0.02). The net hydraulic force was directed towards the ventricle for both, but larger in HFpEF. HFrEF was the only group with a positive median value 11.6 cm2 and net hydraulic force was throughout diastole directed towards the atrium.</p><p>CONCLUSION: The net hydraulic force may impede cardiac filling throughout diastole in HFpEF, worsening diastolic dysfunction. In contrast, it may work favorably in patients with dilated ventricles and aid ventricular filling.</p>}},
  author       = {{Steding-Ehrenborg, Katarina and Hedström, Erik and Carlsson, Marcus and Maksuti, Elira and Broomé, Michael and Ugander, Martin and Magnusson, Martin and Smith, J Gustav and Arheden, Håkan}},
  issn         = {{1522-1601}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{02}},
  number       = {{4}},
  pages        = {{993--1000}},
  publisher    = {{American Physiological Society}},
  series       = {{Journal of Applied Physiology}},
  title        = {{Hydraulic force is a novel mechanism of diastolic function which may contribute to decreased diastolic filling in HFpEF and facilitate filling in HFrEF}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00890.2020}},
  doi          = {{10.1152/japplphysiol.00890.2020}},
  volume       = {{130}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}