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Poor adult tuberculosis treatment outcome and associated factors in Gibe Woreda, Southern Ethiopia : An institution-based cross-sectional study

Mengesha, Melkamu Merid LU orcid ; Gebremichael, Mathewos Alemu ; Watumo, Desta ; Hallström, Inger Kristensson LU and Jerene, Degu LU (2022) In PLOS global public health 2(3). p.1-12
Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major medical and public health problem throughout the world, especially in developing countries including Ethiopia. Its control program is currently being challenged by the spread of drug-resistant TB, which is the result of poor treatment outcomes. Hence, this study assessed poor adult TB treatment outcomes and associated factors in Gibe Woreda, Southern Ethiopia. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1, 2020 to March 30, 2020, using a standard checklist to review clinical charts of TB patients who enrolled on first-line TB treatment under DOTS between June 2016 and June 2019. Poor treatment outcomes constituted death during treatment, treatment failure, and loss to follow-up... (More)

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major medical and public health problem throughout the world, especially in developing countries including Ethiopia. Its control program is currently being challenged by the spread of drug-resistant TB, which is the result of poor treatment outcomes. Hence, this study assessed poor adult TB treatment outcomes and associated factors in Gibe Woreda, Southern Ethiopia. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1, 2020 to March 30, 2020, using a standard checklist to review clinical charts of TB patients who enrolled on first-line TB treatment under DOTS between June 2016 and June 2019. Poor treatment outcomes constituted death during treatment, treatment failure, and loss to follow-up (LTFU). Descriptive statistics were used to describe the characteristics of study participants. A binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors influencing treatment outcome and adjusted odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval were reported. The statistical significance of all tests in this study was declared at P-value <5%. A total of 400 adult TB patients were participated. The mean age of study participants was 39.2±16.7 years, 55.5% were males and 79.8% were pulmonary tuberculosis cases. Regarding the treatment outcomes, 58% completed treatment, 27.5% cured, 9.3% were LTFU, 3.2% died, and 2.0% failed. The overall poor treatment outcome was 14.5% (95% CI: 11.1-17.9). Age (aOR = 1.02; 95%CI: 1.01-1.04), male gender (aOR = 1.82; 95% CI: 0.99-3.73), travel ≥ 10 kilometres to receive TB treatment (aOR = 6.55; 95% CI: 3.02-14.19), and lack of family support during the course of treatment (aOR = 3.03; 95% CI: 1.37-6.70), and bedridden baseline functional status (aOR = 4.40; 95% CI: 0.96-20.06) were factors associated with poor treatment outcome. Successful TB treatment outcome in this study area was below the national TB treatment success rate. To improve positive treatment outcomes, remote areas should be prioritized for TB interventions, and stakeholders in TB treatment and care should give special emphasis to adults over the age of 45 years, males, those who travel more than 10 kilometres to receive TB care, having bedridden baseline functional status and those who had no family support.

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author
; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
PLOS global public health
volume
2
issue
3
article number
e0000161
pages
1 - 12
publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
external identifiers
  • pmid:36962264
ISSN
2767-3375
DOI
10.1371/journal.pgph.0000161
project
Improving adherence to antiretroviral therapy among adolescents living with HIV in Ethiopia
eHealth as an aid for facilitating and supporting self-management in families with long-term childhood illness – development, evaluation and implementation in clinical practice
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
Copyright: © 2022 Mengesha et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
id
fccc3021-71de-42d2-9f3d-0502dba81cbc
date added to LUP
2023-04-26 13:21:16
date last changed
2024-05-16 08:03:14
@article{fccc3021-71de-42d2-9f3d-0502dba81cbc,
  abstract     = {{<p>Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major medical and public health problem throughout the world, especially in developing countries including Ethiopia. Its control program is currently being challenged by the spread of drug-resistant TB, which is the result of poor treatment outcomes. Hence, this study assessed poor adult TB treatment outcomes and associated factors in Gibe Woreda, Southern Ethiopia. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1, 2020 to March 30, 2020, using a standard checklist to review clinical charts of TB patients who enrolled on first-line TB treatment under DOTS between June 2016 and June 2019. Poor treatment outcomes constituted death during treatment, treatment failure, and loss to follow-up (LTFU). Descriptive statistics were used to describe the characteristics of study participants. A binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors influencing treatment outcome and adjusted odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval were reported. The statistical significance of all tests in this study was declared at P-value &lt;5%. A total of 400 adult TB patients were participated. The mean age of study participants was 39.2±16.7 years, 55.5% were males and 79.8% were pulmonary tuberculosis cases. Regarding the treatment outcomes, 58% completed treatment, 27.5% cured, 9.3% were LTFU, 3.2% died, and 2.0% failed. The overall poor treatment outcome was 14.5% (95% CI: 11.1-17.9). Age (aOR = 1.02; 95%CI: 1.01-1.04), male gender (aOR = 1.82; 95% CI: 0.99-3.73), travel ≥ 10 kilometres to receive TB treatment (aOR = 6.55; 95% CI: 3.02-14.19), and lack of family support during the course of treatment (aOR = 3.03; 95% CI: 1.37-6.70), and bedridden baseline functional status (aOR = 4.40; 95% CI: 0.96-20.06) were factors associated with poor treatment outcome. Successful TB treatment outcome in this study area was below the national TB treatment success rate. To improve positive treatment outcomes, remote areas should be prioritized for TB interventions, and stakeholders in TB treatment and care should give special emphasis to adults over the age of 45 years, males, those who travel more than 10 kilometres to receive TB care, having bedridden baseline functional status and those who had no family support.</p>}},
  author       = {{Mengesha, Melkamu Merid and Gebremichael, Mathewos Alemu and Watumo, Desta and Hallström, Inger Kristensson and Jerene, Degu}},
  issn         = {{2767-3375}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{1--12}},
  publisher    = {{Public Library of Science (PLoS)}},
  series       = {{PLOS global public health}},
  title        = {{Poor adult tuberculosis treatment outcome and associated factors in Gibe Woreda, Southern Ethiopia : An institution-based cross-sectional study}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000161}},
  doi          = {{10.1371/journal.pgph.0000161}},
  volume       = {{2}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}