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A Low Glycemic Index Diet Does Not Affect Postprandial Energy Metabolism but Decreases Postprandial Insulinemia and Increases Fullness Ratings in Healthy Women

Krog-Mikkelsen, Inger ; Sloth, Birgitte ; Dimitrov, Dimiter ; Tetens, Inge ; Bjorck, Inger ; Flint, Anne ; Holst, Jens J. ; Astrup, Arne ; Elmståhl, Helena LU and Rabens, Anne (2011) In Journal of Nutrition 141(9). p.1679-1684
Abstract
At present, it is difficult to determine whether glycemic index (GI) is an important tool in the prevention of lifestyle diseases, and long-term studies investigating GI with diets matched in macronutrient composition, fiber content, energy content, and energy density are still scarce. We investigated the effects of 2 high-carbohydrate (55%) diets with low GI (LGI; 79) or high GI (HGI; 103) on postprandial blood profile, subjective appetite sensations, energy expenditure (EE), substrate oxidation rates, and ad libitum energy intake (El) from a corresponding test meal (LGI or HGI) after consuming the diets ad libitum for 10 wk. Two groups of a total of 29 healthy, overweight women (age: 30.5 +/- 6.6 y; BMI: 27.6 +/- 1.5 kg/m(2))... (More)
At present, it is difficult to determine whether glycemic index (GI) is an important tool in the prevention of lifestyle diseases, and long-term studies investigating GI with diets matched in macronutrient composition, fiber content, energy content, and energy density are still scarce. We investigated the effects of 2 high-carbohydrate (55%) diets with low GI (LGI; 79) or high GI (HGI; 103) on postprandial blood profile, subjective appetite sensations, energy expenditure (EE), substrate oxidation rates, and ad libitum energy intake (El) from a corresponding test meal (LGI or HGI) after consuming the diets ad libitum for 10 wk. Two groups of a total of 29 healthy, overweight women (age: 30.5 +/- 6.6 y; BMI: 27.6 +/- 1.5 kg/m(2)) participated in the 10-wk intervention and a subsequent 4-h meal test. The breakfast test meals differed in GI but were equal in total energy, macronutrient composition, fiber content, and energy density. The LGI meal resulted in lower plasma glucose, serum insulin, and plasma glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 and higher plasma glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide concentrations than the HGI meal (P <= 0.05). Ratings of fullness were slightly higher and the desire to eat something fatty was lower after the test meal in the LGI group (P < 0.05). Postprandial plasma GLP-2, plasma glucagon, serum leptin, plasma ghrelin, EE, substrate oxidation rates, and ad libitum El at lunch did not differ between groups. In conclusion, postprandial glycemia, insulinemia, and subjective appetite ratings after a test meal were better after 10-wk ad libitum intake of a LGI compared to a HGI diet. EE and substrate oxidation rates were, however, not affected. These findings give some support to recommendations to consume a LGI diet. J. Nutr. 141: 1679-1684, 2011. (Less)
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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Journal of Nutrition
volume
141
issue
9
pages
1679 - 1684
publisher
Oxford University Press
external identifiers
  • wos:000294523500014
  • scopus:80052563313
  • pmid:21775528
ISSN
1541-6100
DOI
10.3945/jn.110.134627
project
ANTIDIABETIC FOOD CENTRE
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
The information about affiliations in this record was updated in December 2015. The record was previously connected to the following departments: Applied Nutrition and Food Chemistry (011001300)
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b548f226-2384-4d7b-a264-778323af81e4 (old id 2159323)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 10:05:53
date last changed
2023-11-24 00:15:19
@article{b548f226-2384-4d7b-a264-778323af81e4,
  abstract     = {{At present, it is difficult to determine whether glycemic index (GI) is an important tool in the prevention of lifestyle diseases, and long-term studies investigating GI with diets matched in macronutrient composition, fiber content, energy content, and energy density are still scarce. We investigated the effects of 2 high-carbohydrate (55%) diets with low GI (LGI; 79) or high GI (HGI; 103) on postprandial blood profile, subjective appetite sensations, energy expenditure (EE), substrate oxidation rates, and ad libitum energy intake (El) from a corresponding test meal (LGI or HGI) after consuming the diets ad libitum for 10 wk. Two groups of a total of 29 healthy, overweight women (age: 30.5 +/- 6.6 y; BMI: 27.6 +/- 1.5 kg/m(2)) participated in the 10-wk intervention and a subsequent 4-h meal test. The breakfast test meals differed in GI but were equal in total energy, macronutrient composition, fiber content, and energy density. The LGI meal resulted in lower plasma glucose, serum insulin, and plasma glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 and higher plasma glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide concentrations than the HGI meal (P &lt;= 0.05). Ratings of fullness were slightly higher and the desire to eat something fatty was lower after the test meal in the LGI group (P &lt; 0.05). Postprandial plasma GLP-2, plasma glucagon, serum leptin, plasma ghrelin, EE, substrate oxidation rates, and ad libitum El at lunch did not differ between groups. In conclusion, postprandial glycemia, insulinemia, and subjective appetite ratings after a test meal were better after 10-wk ad libitum intake of a LGI compared to a HGI diet. EE and substrate oxidation rates were, however, not affected. These findings give some support to recommendations to consume a LGI diet. J. Nutr. 141: 1679-1684, 2011.}},
  author       = {{Krog-Mikkelsen, Inger and Sloth, Birgitte and Dimitrov, Dimiter and Tetens, Inge and Bjorck, Inger and Flint, Anne and Holst, Jens J. and Astrup, Arne and Elmståhl, Helena and Rabens, Anne}},
  issn         = {{1541-6100}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{9}},
  pages        = {{1679--1684}},
  publisher    = {{Oxford University Press}},
  series       = {{Journal of Nutrition}},
  title        = {{A Low Glycemic Index Diet Does Not Affect Postprandial Energy Metabolism but Decreases Postprandial Insulinemia and Increases Fullness Ratings in Healthy Women}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/jn.110.134627}},
  doi          = {{10.3945/jn.110.134627}},
  volume       = {{141}},
  year         = {{2011}},
}