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The role of CART in islet biology

Wierup, Nils LU ; Abels, Mia LU ; Shcherbina, Liliya LU and Lindqvist, Andreas LU (2022) In Peptides 149.
Abstract
Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) is mostly known for its appetite regulating effects in the central nervous system. However, CART is also highly expressed in the peripheral nervous system as well as in certain endocrine cells. Our group has dedicated more than 20 years to understand the role of CART in the pancreatic islets and in this review we summarize what is known to date about CART expression and function in the islets. CART is expressed in both islet cells and nerve fibers innervating the islets. Large species differences are at hand and CART expression is highly dynamic and increased during development, as well as in Type 2 Diabetes and certain endocrine tumors. In the human islets CART is expressed in alpha... (More)
Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) is mostly known for its appetite regulating effects in the central nervous system. However, CART is also highly expressed in the peripheral nervous system as well as in certain endocrine cells. Our group has dedicated more than 20 years to understand the role of CART in the pancreatic islets and in this review we summarize what is known to date about CART expression and function in the islets. CART is expressed in both islet cells and nerve fibers innervating the islets. Large species differences are at hand and CART expression is highly dynamic and increased during development, as well as in Type 2 Diabetes and certain endocrine tumors. In the human islets CART is expressed in alpha cells and beta cells and the expression is increased in T2D patients. CART increases insulin secretion, reduces glucagon secretion, and protects against beta cell death by reducing apoptosis and increasing proliferation. It is still not fully understood how CART mediates its effects or which receptors that are involved. Nevertheless, CART is endowed with several properties that are beneficial in a T2D perspective. Many of the described effects of CART resemble those of GLP-1, and interestingly CART has been found to potentiate some of the effects of GLP-1, paving the way for CART-based treatments in combination with GLP-1-based drugs. (Less)
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author
; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Peptides
volume
149
article number
170708
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • pmid:34896575
  • scopus:85122473675
ISSN
1873-5169
DOI
10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170708
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
0774b58c-fe5a-4217-aa57-889153f1ddb8
date added to LUP
2022-01-14 14:44:47
date last changed
2022-05-05 07:17:57
@article{0774b58c-fe5a-4217-aa57-889153f1ddb8,
  abstract     = {{Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) is mostly known for its appetite regulating effects in the central nervous system. However, CART is also highly expressed in the peripheral nervous system as well as in certain endocrine cells. Our group has dedicated more than 20 years to understand the role of CART in the pancreatic islets and in this review we summarize what is known to date about CART expression and function in the islets. CART is expressed in both islet cells and nerve fibers innervating the islets. Large species differences are at hand and CART expression is highly dynamic and increased during development, as well as in Type 2 Diabetes and certain endocrine tumors. In the human islets CART is expressed in alpha cells and beta cells and the expression is increased in T2D patients. CART increases insulin secretion, reduces glucagon secretion, and protects against beta cell death by reducing apoptosis and increasing proliferation. It is still not fully understood how CART mediates its effects or which receptors that are involved. Nevertheless, CART is endowed with several properties that are beneficial in a T2D perspective. Many of the described effects of CART resemble those of GLP-1, and interestingly CART has been found to potentiate some of the effects of GLP-1, paving the way for CART-based treatments in combination with GLP-1-based drugs.}},
  author       = {{Wierup, Nils and Abels, Mia and Shcherbina, Liliya and Lindqvist, Andreas}},
  issn         = {{1873-5169}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{03}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Peptides}},
  title        = {{The role of CART in islet biology}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170708}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170708}},
  volume       = {{149}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}