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Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide and islet amyloid polypeptide in primary sensory neurons : Functional implications from plasticity in expression on nerve injury and inflammation

Mulder, Hindrik LU orcid ; Jongsma, Helen LU ; Zhang, Yanzhen ; Gebre-Medhin, Samuel LU ; Sundler, Frank LU and Danielsen, Nils LU (1999) In Molecular Neurobiology 19(3). p.229-253
Abstract

Primary sensory neurons serve a dual role as afferent neurons, conveying sensory information from the periphery to the central nervous system, and as efferent effectors mediating, e.g., neurogenic inflammation. Neuropeptides are crucial for both these mechanisms in primary sensory neurons. In afferent functions, they act as messengers and modulators in addition to a principal transmitter; by release from peripheral terminals, they induce an efferent response, 'neurogenic inflammation,' which comprises vasodilatation, plasma extravasation, and recruitment of immune cells. In this article, we introduce two novel members of the sensory neuropeptide family: pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and islet amyloid... (More)

Primary sensory neurons serve a dual role as afferent neurons, conveying sensory information from the periphery to the central nervous system, and as efferent effectors mediating, e.g., neurogenic inflammation. Neuropeptides are crucial for both these mechanisms in primary sensory neurons. In afferent functions, they act as messengers and modulators in addition to a principal transmitter; by release from peripheral terminals, they induce an efferent response, 'neurogenic inflammation,' which comprises vasodilatation, plasma extravasation, and recruitment of immune cells. In this article, we introduce two novel members of the sensory neuropeptide family: pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP). Whereas PACAP, a vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-resembling peptide, predominantly occurs in neuronal elements, IAPP, which is structurally related to calcitonin gene-related peptide, is most widely known as a pancreatic β-cell peptide; as such, it has been recognized as a constituent of amyloid deposits in type 2 diabetes. In primary sensory neurons, under normal conditions, both peptides are predominantly expressed in small-sized nerve cell bodies, suggesting a role in nociception. On axotomy, the expression of PACAP is rapidly induced, whereas that of IAPP is reduced. Such a regulation of PACAP suggests that it serves a protective role during nerve injury, but that of IAPP may indicate that it is an excitatory messenger under normal conditions. In contrast, in localized adjuvant-induced inflammation, expression of both peptides is rapidly induced. For IAPP, studies in IAPP-deficient mice support the notion that IAPP is a pronociceptive peptide, because these mutant mice display a reduced nociceptive response when challenged with formalin.

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author
; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Amylin, Axotomy, Freund's complete adjuvant, IAPP, In situ hybridization, Knockout mice, Neurogenic inflammation, Neuropeptides, PACAP, β-cells
in
Molecular Neurobiology
volume
19
issue
3
pages
25 pages
publisher
Humana Press
external identifiers
  • pmid:10495105
  • scopus:0032860498
ISSN
0893-7648
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
0f853371-d659-41a1-9a37-35561a98fa04
date added to LUP
2017-10-16 13:31:49
date last changed
2024-10-14 15:15:21
@article{0f853371-d659-41a1-9a37-35561a98fa04,
  abstract     = {{<p>Primary sensory neurons serve a dual role as afferent neurons, conveying sensory information from the periphery to the central nervous system, and as efferent effectors mediating, e.g., neurogenic inflammation. Neuropeptides are crucial for both these mechanisms in primary sensory neurons. In afferent functions, they act as messengers and modulators in addition to a principal transmitter; by release from peripheral terminals, they induce an efferent response, 'neurogenic inflammation,' which comprises vasodilatation, plasma extravasation, and recruitment of immune cells. In this article, we introduce two novel members of the sensory neuropeptide family: pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP). Whereas PACAP, a vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-resembling peptide, predominantly occurs in neuronal elements, IAPP, which is structurally related to calcitonin gene-related peptide, is most widely known as a pancreatic β-cell peptide; as such, it has been recognized as a constituent of amyloid deposits in type 2 diabetes. In primary sensory neurons, under normal conditions, both peptides are predominantly expressed in small-sized nerve cell bodies, suggesting a role in nociception. On axotomy, the expression of PACAP is rapidly induced, whereas that of IAPP is reduced. Such a regulation of PACAP suggests that it serves a protective role during nerve injury, but that of IAPP may indicate that it is an excitatory messenger under normal conditions. In contrast, in localized adjuvant-induced inflammation, expression of both peptides is rapidly induced. For IAPP, studies in IAPP-deficient mice support the notion that IAPP is a pronociceptive peptide, because these mutant mice display a reduced nociceptive response when challenged with formalin.</p>}},
  author       = {{Mulder, Hindrik and Jongsma, Helen and Zhang, Yanzhen and Gebre-Medhin, Samuel and Sundler, Frank and Danielsen, Nils}},
  issn         = {{0893-7648}},
  keywords     = {{Amylin; Axotomy; Freund's complete adjuvant; IAPP; In situ hybridization; Knockout mice; Neurogenic inflammation; Neuropeptides; PACAP; β-cells}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{229--253}},
  publisher    = {{Humana Press}},
  series       = {{Molecular Neurobiology}},
  title        = {{Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide and islet amyloid polypeptide in primary sensory neurons : Functional implications from plasticity in expression on nerve injury and inflammation}},
  volume       = {{19}},
  year         = {{1999}},
}