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High-Fat Diet Enriched with Bilberry Modifies Colonic Mucus Dynamics and Restores Marked Alterations of Gut Microbiome in Rats

Liu, Hao Yu ; Walden, Tomas B. ; Ahl, David ; Nyman, Margareta LU ; Bertilsson, Stefan ; Phillipson, Mia and Holm, Lena (2019) In Molecular Nutrition & Food Research 63(20).
Abstract

Scope: Emerging evidence suggests that high-fat diet (HFD) is associated with gut microbiome dysbiosis and related disorders. Bilberry is a prebiotic food component with known health benefits. Herein, the dynamics of the colonic mucus layer and microbiome during HFD and bilberry supplementation are addressed. Methods and results: The effects on colonic mucus thickness in vivo and gut microbiota composition (Illumina sequencing, quantitative real-time PCR) are investigated in young rats fed a low-fat diet or HFD with or without bilberries for 8 weeks (n = 8). HFD induced significant local colonic effects, despite no observed weight gain or systemic inflammation, as HFD causes epithelial upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase,... (More)

Scope: Emerging evidence suggests that high-fat diet (HFD) is associated with gut microbiome dysbiosis and related disorders. Bilberry is a prebiotic food component with known health benefits. Herein, the dynamics of the colonic mucus layer and microbiome during HFD and bilberry supplementation are addressed. Methods and results: The effects on colonic mucus thickness in vivo and gut microbiota composition (Illumina sequencing, quantitative real-time PCR) are investigated in young rats fed a low-fat diet or HFD with or without bilberries for 8 weeks (n = 8). HFD induced significant local colonic effects, despite no observed weight gain or systemic inflammation, as HFD causes epithelial upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase, which is counteracted by bilberry. The firmly adherent mucus layer becomes thicker and the mRNA levels of Muc2 and Tff3 are increased by HFD with or without bilberry. In parallel, HFD reduced the colonic abundance of mucolytic bacterial species Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides spp. Finally, bilberry prevents HFD-induced microbiota dysbiosis, including expansion of pathobionts, for example, Enterobacteriaceae. Conclusion: HFD expand firmly adherent mucus thickness and reduce mucus-foraging bacteria populations in the colon prior to obesity. Enriching HFD with bilberry protects against intestinal inflammation and marked microbiota encroachment.

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author
; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Akkermansia muciniphila, bilberries, gut microbiome, high-fat diet, mucus
in
Molecular Nutrition & Food Research
volume
63
issue
20
article number
1900117
publisher
John Wiley & Sons Inc.
external identifiers
  • pmid:31336403
  • scopus:85070779040
ISSN
1613-4125
DOI
10.1002/mnfr.201900117
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
543b35cf-97b8-4563-ac83-0da846667ff2
date added to LUP
2019-09-09 10:37:55
date last changed
2024-06-13 03:01:58
@article{543b35cf-97b8-4563-ac83-0da846667ff2,
  abstract     = {{<p>Scope: Emerging evidence suggests that high-fat diet (HFD) is associated with gut microbiome dysbiosis and related disorders. Bilberry is a prebiotic food component with known health benefits. Herein, the dynamics of the colonic mucus layer and microbiome during HFD and bilberry supplementation are addressed. Methods and results: The effects on colonic mucus thickness in vivo and gut microbiota composition (Illumina sequencing, quantitative real-time PCR) are investigated in young rats fed a low-fat diet or HFD with or without bilberries for 8 weeks (n = 8). HFD induced significant local colonic effects, despite no observed weight gain or systemic inflammation, as HFD causes epithelial upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase, which is counteracted by bilberry. The firmly adherent mucus layer becomes thicker and the mRNA levels of Muc2 and Tff3 are increased by HFD with or without bilberry. In parallel, HFD reduced the colonic abundance of mucolytic bacterial species Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides spp. Finally, bilberry prevents HFD-induced microbiota dysbiosis, including expansion of pathobionts, for example, Enterobacteriaceae. Conclusion: HFD expand firmly adherent mucus thickness and reduce mucus-foraging bacteria populations in the colon prior to obesity. Enriching HFD with bilberry protects against intestinal inflammation and marked microbiota encroachment.</p>}},
  author       = {{Liu, Hao Yu and Walden, Tomas B. and Ahl, David and Nyman, Margareta and Bertilsson, Stefan and Phillipson, Mia and Holm, Lena}},
  issn         = {{1613-4125}},
  keywords     = {{Akkermansia muciniphila; bilberries; gut microbiome; high-fat diet; mucus}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{20}},
  publisher    = {{John Wiley & Sons Inc.}},
  series       = {{Molecular Nutrition & Food Research}},
  title        = {{High-Fat Diet Enriched with Bilberry Modifies Colonic Mucus Dynamics and Restores Marked Alterations of Gut Microbiome in Rats}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201900117}},
  doi          = {{10.1002/mnfr.201900117}},
  volume       = {{63}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}