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Modeling and Control of the Paper Machine Drying Section

Slätteke, Ola LU (2006) In PhD Thesis TFRT-1075
Abstract
The topic of this thesis is modeling and control of the last part of the paper machine - the drying section. Paper is dried by letting it pass through a series of steam heated cylinders and the evaporation is thus powered by the latent heat of vaporization of the steam. The moisture in the paper is controlled by adjusting the set point of the steam pressure controllers.



There exist several commercial incentives to focus on the performance of the moisture control. The time to perform a grade change is often limited by the moisture and shorter grade change time is directly correlated to economic profit. Studies have shown that the drying section uses 2/3 of the total energy requirement in paper making. Reduced variations... (More)
The topic of this thesis is modeling and control of the last part of the paper machine - the drying section. Paper is dried by letting it pass through a series of steam heated cylinders and the evaporation is thus powered by the latent heat of vaporization of the steam. The moisture in the paper is controlled by adjusting the set point of the steam pressure controllers.



There exist several commercial incentives to focus on the performance of the moisture control. The time to perform a grade change is often limited by the moisture and shorter grade change time is directly correlated to economic profit. Studies have shown that the drying section uses 2/3 of the total energy requirement in paper making. Reduced variations in moisture gives opportunity for target shifts (changed set point) which reduces the amount of raw material and steam requirement. It also creates opportunity for increased production rate.



The thesis is divided in two parts. The first part deals with the control of the steam pressure inside the cylinders. Both a black-box model and a physical model are given for the steam pressure process. A tuning rule for both PI and PID control is derived and various other controller structures are investigated. Many of the results are verified by experiments on paper machines at different paper mills.



The second part of the thesis treats the moisture controller. The physical model from the first part is expanded with a model for the paper. This gives a complete simulation model for the drying section that is implemented in the object-oriented modeling language Modelica. Two new approaches to control the moisture by feedback are evaluated. The first utilizes the air around the paper in combination with the drying cylinders to improve the controller performance. The second uses only the last part of the drying section to control the moisture, while the first part is put at an appropriate level. Finally, feedforward of a surface temperature signal is examined. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
supervisor
opponent
  • Professor Skogestad, Sigurd, Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology
organization
publishing date
type
Thesis
publication status
published
subject
keywords
reglerteknik, robotteknik, Automatiska system, Moisture control, Paper-making, Pressure control, Predictive Control, Mid-ranging Control, Wood, Drying Section Modeling, Automation, control engineering, robotics, pulp and paper technology, Pappers- och massateknik
in
PhD Thesis TFRT-1075
pages
247 pages
publisher
Department of Automatic Control, Lund Institute of Technology, Lund University
defense location
Room M:B, M-building, Ole Römers väg 1, Lund Institute of Technology
defense date
2006-01-28 10:15:00
ISSN
0280-5316
0280-5316
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
74bc24cc-1535-46c5-8c1e-5f410a5ec53d (old id 24357)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 15:28:02
date last changed
2019-05-23 15:56:28
@phdthesis{74bc24cc-1535-46c5-8c1e-5f410a5ec53d,
  abstract     = {{The topic of this thesis is modeling and control of the last part of the paper machine - the drying section. Paper is dried by letting it pass through a series of steam heated cylinders and the evaporation is thus powered by the latent heat of vaporization of the steam. The moisture in the paper is controlled by adjusting the set point of the steam pressure controllers.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
There exist several commercial incentives to focus on the performance of the moisture control. The time to perform a grade change is often limited by the moisture and shorter grade change time is directly correlated to economic profit. Studies have shown that the drying section uses 2/3 of the total energy requirement in paper making. Reduced variations in moisture gives opportunity for target shifts (changed set point) which reduces the amount of raw material and steam requirement. It also creates opportunity for increased production rate.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
The thesis is divided in two parts. The first part deals with the control of the steam pressure inside the cylinders. Both a black-box model and a physical model are given for the steam pressure process. A tuning rule for both PI and PID control is derived and various other controller structures are investigated. Many of the results are verified by experiments on paper machines at different paper mills.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
The second part of the thesis treats the moisture controller. The physical model from the first part is expanded with a model for the paper. This gives a complete simulation model for the drying section that is implemented in the object-oriented modeling language Modelica. Two new approaches to control the moisture by feedback are evaluated. The first utilizes the air around the paper in combination with the drying cylinders to improve the controller performance. The second uses only the last part of the drying section to control the moisture, while the first part is put at an appropriate level. Finally, feedforward of a surface temperature signal is examined.}},
  author       = {{Slätteke, Ola}},
  issn         = {{0280-5316}},
  keywords     = {{reglerteknik; robotteknik; Automatiska system; Moisture control; Paper-making; Pressure control; Predictive Control; Mid-ranging Control; Wood; Drying Section Modeling; Automation; control engineering; robotics; pulp and paper technology; Pappers- och massateknik}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Department of Automatic Control, Lund Institute of Technology, Lund University}},
  school       = {{Lund University}},
  series       = {{PhD Thesis TFRT-1075}},
  title        = {{Modeling and Control of the Paper Machine Drying Section}},
  url          = {{https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/files/4398863/26622.pdf}},
  year         = {{2006}},
}