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Gastric bypass in the pig increases GIP levels and decreases active GLP-1 levels

Lindqvist, Andreas LU ; Ekelund, Mikael LU ; Pierzynowski, Stefan LU ; Groop, Leif LU ; Hedenbro, Jan LU and Wierup, Nils LU (2017) In Peptides 90. p.78-82
Abstract

Gastric bypass surgery results in remission of type 2 diabetes in the majority of patients. The incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) have been implicated in the observed remission. Most knowledge so far has been generated in obese subjects. To isolate the surgical effects of gastric bypass on metabolism and hormone responses from the confounding influence of obesity, T2D, or food intake, we performed gastric bypass in lean pigs, using sham-operated and pair-fed pigs as controls. Thus, pigs were subjected to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or sham surgery and oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT). RYGB pigs and sham pigs exhibited similar basal and 120-min glucose levels... (More)

Gastric bypass surgery results in remission of type 2 diabetes in the majority of patients. The incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) have been implicated in the observed remission. Most knowledge so far has been generated in obese subjects. To isolate the surgical effects of gastric bypass on metabolism and hormone responses from the confounding influence of obesity, T2D, or food intake, we performed gastric bypass in lean pigs, using sham-operated and pair-fed pigs as controls. Thus, pigs were subjected to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or sham surgery and oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT). RYGB pigs and sham pigs exhibited similar basal and 120-min glucose levels in response to the OGTT. However, RYGB pigs had approximately 1.6-fold higher 30-min glucose (p < 0.01). Early insulin release (EIR) was enhanced approximately 3.5-fold in the RYGB pigs (p < 0.01). Furthermore, GIP release, both acute and sustained release (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively), was increased approximately 2.5-fold and 1.4-fold, respectively, in RYGB pigs. Although total GLP-1 release increased approximately 2.1-fold after RYGB (p < 0.001), active GLP-1 was 33% lower (p < 0.01). Interestingly basal DPP4-activity was approximately 3.2-fold higher in RYGB pigs (p < 0.001). In conclusion, RYGB in lean pigs increases the response of GIP, total GLP-1, and insulin, but reduces levels of active GLP-1 in response to an oral glucose load. These data challenge the role of active GLP-1 as a contributor to remission from diabetes after RYGB.

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author
; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Bariatric surgery, Gastric Bypass, GIP, GLP-1, Insulin, Pig model
in
Peptides
volume
90
pages
5 pages
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • scopus:85014455350
  • pmid:28242256
  • wos:000399516300011
ISSN
0196-9781
DOI
10.1016/j.peptides.2017.02.009
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
beb821c2-1942-4f47-b319-cea8c3663045
date added to LUP
2017-03-14 11:12:59
date last changed
2024-05-26 11:53:04
@article{beb821c2-1942-4f47-b319-cea8c3663045,
  abstract     = {{<p>Gastric bypass surgery results in remission of type 2 diabetes in the majority of patients. The incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) have been implicated in the observed remission. Most knowledge so far has been generated in obese subjects. To isolate the surgical effects of gastric bypass on metabolism and hormone responses from the confounding influence of obesity, T2D, or food intake, we performed gastric bypass in lean pigs, using sham-operated and pair-fed pigs as controls. Thus, pigs were subjected to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or sham surgery and oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT). RYGB pigs and sham pigs exhibited similar basal and 120-min glucose levels in response to the OGTT. However, RYGB pigs had approximately 1.6-fold higher 30-min glucose (p &lt; 0.01). Early insulin release (EIR) was enhanced approximately 3.5-fold in the RYGB pigs (p &lt; 0.01). Furthermore, GIP release, both acute and sustained release (p &lt; 0.001 and p &lt; 0.01, respectively), was increased approximately 2.5-fold and 1.4-fold, respectively, in RYGB pigs. Although total GLP-1 release increased approximately 2.1-fold after RYGB (p &lt; 0.001), active GLP-1 was 33% lower (p &lt; 0.01). Interestingly basal DPP4-activity was approximately 3.2-fold higher in RYGB pigs (p &lt; 0.001). In conclusion, RYGB in lean pigs increases the response of GIP, total GLP-1, and insulin, but reduces levels of active GLP-1 in response to an oral glucose load. These data challenge the role of active GLP-1 as a contributor to remission from diabetes after RYGB.</p>}},
  author       = {{Lindqvist, Andreas and Ekelund, Mikael and Pierzynowski, Stefan and Groop, Leif and Hedenbro, Jan and Wierup, Nils}},
  issn         = {{0196-9781}},
  keywords     = {{Bariatric surgery; Gastric Bypass; GIP; GLP-1; Insulin; Pig model}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{04}},
  pages        = {{78--82}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Peptides}},
  title        = {{Gastric bypass in the pig increases GIP levels and decreases active GLP-1 levels}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2017.02.009}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.peptides.2017.02.009}},
  volume       = {{90}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}