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Functional Role of Glycosaminoglycans in Decellularized Lung Extracellular Matrix

Uhl, Franziska LU ; Zhang, Fuming ; Pouliot, Robert ; Uriarte, Juan Jose ; Rolandsson Enes, Sara LU orcid ; Han, Xiaorui ; Ouyang, Yilan ; Xia, Ke ; Westergren-Thorsson, Gunilla LU and Malmström, Anders LU orcid , et al. (2020) In Acta Biomaterialia 102. p.231-246
Abstract
Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). Specific changes in disaccharide composition of remaining GAGs were observed with disproportionate loss of NS and NS2S for HS groups and... (More)
Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). Specific changes in disaccharide composition of remaining GAGs were observed with disproportionate loss of NS and NS2S for HS groups and of 4S for CS/DS groups. No significant influence of smoking history, sex, time to autopsy, or age was observed in native vs. decellularized lungs. Notably, surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that GAGs remaining in decellularized lungs were unable to bind key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. Growth of lung epithelial, pulmonary vascular, and stromal cells cultured on the surface of or embedded within gels derived from decellularized human lungs was differentially and combinatorially enhanced by replenishing specific GAGs and FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. In summary, lung decellularization results in loss and/or dysfunction of specific GAGs or side chains significantly affecting matrix-associated growth factor binding and lung cell metabolism. GAG and matrix-associated growth factor replenishment thus needs to be incorporated into schemes for investigations utilizing gels and other materials produced from decellularized human lungs. (Less)
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@article{ddafdecf-1b3a-495c-b91a-29975fff84ba,
  abstract     = {{Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). Specific changes in disaccharide composition of remaining GAGs were observed with disproportionate loss of NS and NS2S for HS groups and of 4S for CS/DS groups. No significant influence of smoking history, sex, time to autopsy, or age was observed in native vs. decellularized lungs. Notably, surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that GAGs remaining in decellularized lungs were unable to bind key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. Growth of lung epithelial, pulmonary vascular, and stromal cells cultured on the surface of or embedded within gels derived from decellularized human lungs was differentially and combinatorially enhanced by replenishing specific GAGs and FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. In summary, lung decellularization results in loss and/or dysfunction of specific GAGs or side chains significantly affecting matrix-associated growth factor binding and lung cell metabolism. GAG and matrix-associated growth factor replenishment thus needs to be incorporated into schemes for investigations utilizing gels and other materials produced from decellularized human lungs.}},
  author       = {{Uhl, Franziska and Zhang, Fuming and Pouliot, Robert and Uriarte, Juan Jose and Rolandsson Enes, Sara and Han, Xiaorui and Ouyang, Yilan and Xia, Ke and Westergren-Thorsson, Gunilla and Malmström, Anders and Hallgren, Oskar and Linhardt, Robert J and Weiss, Daniel}},
  issn         = {{1878-7568}},
  keywords     = {{Lung; Decellularization; Glycosaminoglycan; Matrix-associated growth factors; COPD; extracellular matrix gel}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{01}},
  pages        = {{231--246}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Acta Biomaterialia}},
  title        = {{Functional Role of Glycosaminoglycans in Decellularized Lung Extracellular Matrix}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2019.11.029}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.actbio.2019.11.029}},
  volume       = {{102}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}