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Dietary fiber and saturated fat intake associations with cardiovascular disease differ by sex in the malmö diet and cancer cohort: a prospective study.

Wallström, Peter LU ; Sonestedt, Emily LU orcid ; Hlebowicz, Joanna LU ; Ericson, Ulrika LU ; Drake, Isabel LU ; Persson, Margaretha LU orcid ; Gullberg, Bo LU ; Hedblad, Bo LU and Wirfält, Elisabet LU (2012) In PLoS ONE 7(2).
Abstract
BACKGROUND:

The aim of the study was to examine associations between intake of macronutrients and dietary fiber and incident ischemic cardiovascular disease (iCVD) in men and women.



METHODS:

We used data from 8,139 male and 12,535 female participants (aged 44-73 y) of the Swedish population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort. The participants were without history of CVD and diabetes mellitus, and had reported stable dietary habits in the study questionnaire. Diet was assessed by a validated modified diet history method, combining a 7-d registration of cooked meals and cold beverages, a 168-item food questionnaire (covering other foods and meal patterns), and a 1-hour diet interview. Sociodemographic and... (More)
BACKGROUND:

The aim of the study was to examine associations between intake of macronutrients and dietary fiber and incident ischemic cardiovascular disease (iCVD) in men and women.



METHODS:

We used data from 8,139 male and 12,535 female participants (aged 44-73 y) of the Swedish population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort. The participants were without history of CVD and diabetes mellitus, and had reported stable dietary habits in the study questionnaire. Diet was assessed by a validated modified diet history method, combining a 7-d registration of cooked meals and cold beverages, a 168-item food questionnaire (covering other foods and meal patterns), and a 1-hour diet interview. Sociodemographic and lifestyle data were collected by questionnaire. iCVD cases, which included coronary events (myocardial infarctions or deaths from chronic ischemic heart disease) and ischemic strokes, were ascertained via national and local registries. Nutrient-disease associations were examined by multivariate Cox regressions.



RESULTS:

During a mean follow-up of 13.5 years, we identified 1,089 male and 687 female iCVD cases. High fiber intakes were associated with lower incidence rates of iCVD in women and of ischemic stroke in men. In post-hoc analysis, we discovered statistically significant interactions between intake of fiber and saturated fat; these interactions also differed between men and women (p<0.001).



CONCLUSIONS:

In this well-defined population, a high fiber intake was associated with lower risk of iCVD, but there were no robust associations between other macronutrients and iCVD risk. Judging from this study, gender-specific nutrient analysis may be preferable in epidemiology. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
; ; ; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
PLoS ONE
volume
7
issue
2
article number
e31637
publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
external identifiers
  • wos:000302918500033
  • pmid:22384046
  • scopus:84857567671
  • pmid:22384046
ISSN
1932-6203
DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0031637
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
b674b9b5-724d-46f9-84c2-643842cfc487 (old id 2432315)
alternative location
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22384046?dopt=Abstract
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 13:48:36
date last changed
2022-05-19 21:16:02
@article{b674b9b5-724d-46f9-84c2-643842cfc487,
  abstract     = {{BACKGROUND:<br/><br>
The aim of the study was to examine associations between intake of macronutrients and dietary fiber and incident ischemic cardiovascular disease (iCVD) in men and women.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
METHODS:<br/><br>
We used data from 8,139 male and 12,535 female participants (aged 44-73 y) of the Swedish population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort. The participants were without history of CVD and diabetes mellitus, and had reported stable dietary habits in the study questionnaire. Diet was assessed by a validated modified diet history method, combining a 7-d registration of cooked meals and cold beverages, a 168-item food questionnaire (covering other foods and meal patterns), and a 1-hour diet interview. Sociodemographic and lifestyle data were collected by questionnaire. iCVD cases, which included coronary events (myocardial infarctions or deaths from chronic ischemic heart disease) and ischemic strokes, were ascertained via national and local registries. Nutrient-disease associations were examined by multivariate Cox regressions.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
RESULTS:<br/><br>
During a mean follow-up of 13.5 years, we identified 1,089 male and 687 female iCVD cases. High fiber intakes were associated with lower incidence rates of iCVD in women and of ischemic stroke in men. In post-hoc analysis, we discovered statistically significant interactions between intake of fiber and saturated fat; these interactions also differed between men and women (p&lt;0.001).<br/><br>
<br/><br>
CONCLUSIONS:<br/><br>
In this well-defined population, a high fiber intake was associated with lower risk of iCVD, but there were no robust associations between other macronutrients and iCVD risk. Judging from this study, gender-specific nutrient analysis may be preferable in epidemiology.}},
  author       = {{Wallström, Peter and Sonestedt, Emily and Hlebowicz, Joanna and Ericson, Ulrika and Drake, Isabel and Persson, Margaretha and Gullberg, Bo and Hedblad, Bo and Wirfält, Elisabet}},
  issn         = {{1932-6203}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{2}},
  publisher    = {{Public Library of Science (PLoS)}},
  series       = {{PLoS ONE}},
  title        = {{Dietary fiber and saturated fat intake associations with cardiovascular disease differ by sex in the malmö diet and cancer cohort: a prospective study.}},
  url          = {{https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/files/3603380/2858368.pdf}},
  doi          = {{10.1371/journal.pone.0031637}},
  volume       = {{7}},
  year         = {{2012}},
}