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The insulinogenic effect of whey protein is partially mediated by a direct effect of amino acids and GIP on beta-cells

Salehi, S Albert LU orcid ; Gunnerud, Ulrika LU ; Jabar Muhammed, Sarheed LU ; Östman, Elin LU ; Holst, Jens J. ; Björck, Inger LU and Rorsman, Patrik LU (2012) In Nutrition & Metabolism 9.
Abstract
Background: Whey protein increases postprandial serum insulin levels. This has been associated with increased serum levels of leucine, isoleucine, valine, lysine, threonine and the incretin hormone glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). We have examined the effects of these putative mediators of whey's action on insulin secretion from isolated mouse Langerhans islets. Methods: Mouse pancreatic islets were incubated with serum drawn from healthy individuals after ingestion of carbohydrate equivalent meals of whey protein (whey serum), or white wheat bread (control serum). In addition the effect of individual amino acid combinations on insulin secretion was also tested. Furthermore, the stimulatory effects of whey serum on... (More)
Background: Whey protein increases postprandial serum insulin levels. This has been associated with increased serum levels of leucine, isoleucine, valine, lysine, threonine and the incretin hormone glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). We have examined the effects of these putative mediators of whey's action on insulin secretion from isolated mouse Langerhans islets. Methods: Mouse pancreatic islets were incubated with serum drawn from healthy individuals after ingestion of carbohydrate equivalent meals of whey protein (whey serum), or white wheat bread (control serum). In addition the effect of individual amino acid combinations on insulin secretion was also tested. Furthermore, the stimulatory effects of whey serum on insulin secretion was tested in vitro in the absence and presence of a GIP receptor antagonist ((Pro(3)) GIP[mPEG]). Results: Postprandial amino acids, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) responses were higher after whey compared to white wheat bread. A stimulatory effect on insulin release from isolated islets was observed with serum after whey obtained at 15 min (+87%, P < 0.05) and 30 min (+139%, P < 0.05) postprandially, compared with control serum. The combination of isoleucine, leucine, valine, lysine and threonine exerted strong stimulatory effect on insulin secretion (+270%, P < 0.05), which was further augmented by GIP (+558% compared to that produced by glucose, P < 0.05). The stimulatory action of whey on insulin secretion was reduced by the GIP-receptor antagonist (Pro(3)) GIP[mPEG]) at both 15 and 30 min (-56% and -59%, P < 0.05). Conclusions: Compared with white wheat bread meal, whey causes an increase of postprandial insulin, plasma amino acids, GIP and GLP-1 responses. The in vitro data suggest that whey protein exerts its insulinogenic effect by preferential elevation of the plasma concentrations of certain amino acids, GIP and GLP-1. (Less)
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author
; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Amino acids, GIP-antagonist, Incretins, Insulin release, In vitro, Isolated Langerhans islets, Whey
in
Nutrition & Metabolism
volume
9
publisher
BioMed Central (BMC)
external identifiers
  • wos:000309756200001
  • scopus:84861536072
  • pmid:22647249
ISSN
1743-7075
DOI
10.1186/1743-7075-9-48
project
ANTIDIABETIC FOOD CENTRE
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
The information about affiliations in this record was updated in December 2015. The record was previously connected to the following departments: Applied Nutrition and Food Chemistry (011001300), Islet cell physiology (013212142)
id
f56439cf-9a98-4c73-a72d-3a69eb3f112b (old id 3181285)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 14:43:05
date last changed
2025-04-04 14:18:22
@article{f56439cf-9a98-4c73-a72d-3a69eb3f112b,
  abstract     = {{Background: Whey protein increases postprandial serum insulin levels. This has been associated with increased serum levels of leucine, isoleucine, valine, lysine, threonine and the incretin hormone glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). We have examined the effects of these putative mediators of whey's action on insulin secretion from isolated mouse Langerhans islets. Methods: Mouse pancreatic islets were incubated with serum drawn from healthy individuals after ingestion of carbohydrate equivalent meals of whey protein (whey serum), or white wheat bread (control serum). In addition the effect of individual amino acid combinations on insulin secretion was also tested. Furthermore, the stimulatory effects of whey serum on insulin secretion was tested in vitro in the absence and presence of a GIP receptor antagonist ((Pro(3)) GIP[mPEG]). Results: Postprandial amino acids, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) responses were higher after whey compared to white wheat bread. A stimulatory effect on insulin release from isolated islets was observed with serum after whey obtained at 15 min (+87%, P &lt; 0.05) and 30 min (+139%, P &lt; 0.05) postprandially, compared with control serum. The combination of isoleucine, leucine, valine, lysine and threonine exerted strong stimulatory effect on insulin secretion (+270%, P &lt; 0.05), which was further augmented by GIP (+558% compared to that produced by glucose, P &lt; 0.05). The stimulatory action of whey on insulin secretion was reduced by the GIP-receptor antagonist (Pro(3)) GIP[mPEG]) at both 15 and 30 min (-56% and -59%, P &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: Compared with white wheat bread meal, whey causes an increase of postprandial insulin, plasma amino acids, GIP and GLP-1 responses. The in vitro data suggest that whey protein exerts its insulinogenic effect by preferential elevation of the plasma concentrations of certain amino acids, GIP and GLP-1.}},
  author       = {{Salehi, S Albert and Gunnerud, Ulrika and Jabar Muhammed, Sarheed and Östman, Elin and Holst, Jens J. and Björck, Inger and Rorsman, Patrik}},
  issn         = {{1743-7075}},
  keywords     = {{Amino acids; GIP-antagonist; Incretins; Insulin release; In vitro; Isolated Langerhans islets; Whey}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{BioMed Central (BMC)}},
  series       = {{Nutrition & Metabolism}},
  title        = {{The insulinogenic effect of whey protein is partially mediated by a direct effect of amino acids and GIP on beta-cells}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-7075-9-48}},
  doi          = {{10.1186/1743-7075-9-48}},
  volume       = {{9}},
  year         = {{2012}},
}