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Physical activity attenuates but does not eliminate coronary heart disease risk amongst adults with risk factors : EPIC-CVD case-cohort study

Fortuin-de Smidt, Melony C. ; Sewe, Maquins Odhiambo ; Lassale, Camille ; Weiderpass, Elisabete ; Andersson, Jonas ; Huerta, José María ; Ekelund, Ulf ; Aleksandrova, Krasimira ; Tong, Tammy Yn and Dahm, Christina C. , et al. (2022) In European Journal of Preventive Cardiology 29(12). p.1618-1629
Abstract

AIMS: This study aimed to evaluate the association between physical activity and the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) in individuals with and without CHD risk factors. METHODS AND RESULTS: EPIC-CVD is a case-cohort study of 29 333 participants that included 13 582 incident CHD cases and a randomly selected sub-cohort nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Self-reported physical activity was summarized using the Cambridge physical activity index (inactive, moderately inactive, moderately active, and active). Participants were categorized into sub-groups based on the presence or the absence of the following risk factors: obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2),... (More)

AIMS: This study aimed to evaluate the association between physical activity and the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) in individuals with and without CHD risk factors. METHODS AND RESULTS: EPIC-CVD is a case-cohort study of 29 333 participants that included 13 582 incident CHD cases and a randomly selected sub-cohort nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Self-reported physical activity was summarized using the Cambridge physical activity index (inactive, moderately inactive, moderately active, and active). Participants were categorized into sub-groups based on the presence or the absence of the following risk factors: obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2), hypercholesterolaemia (total cholesterol ≥6.2 mmol/L), history of diabetes, hypertension (self-reported or ≥140/90 mmHg), and current smoking. Prentice-weighted Cox regression was used to assess the association between physical activity and incident CHD events (non-fatal and fatal).Compared to inactive participants without the respective CHD risk factor (referent), excess CHD risk was highest in physically inactive and lowest in moderately active participants with CHD risk factors. Corresponding excess CHD risk estimates amongst those with obesity were 47% [95% confidence interval (CI) 32-64%] and 21% (95%CI 2-44%), with hypercholesterolaemia were 80% (95%CI 55-108%) and 48% (95%CI 22-81%), with hypertension were 80% (95%CI 65-96%) and 49% (95%CI 28-74%), with diabetes were 142% (95%CI 63-260%), and 100% (95%CI 32-204%), and amongst smokers were 152% (95%CI 122-186%) and 109% (95%CI 74-150%). CONCLUSIONS: In people with CHD risk factors, moderate physical activity, equivalent to 40 mins of walking per day, attenuates but does not completely offset CHD risk.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Case-cohort study, Coronary heart disease, Physical activity, Population preventable fraction, Risk factors
in
European Journal of Preventive Cardiology
volume
29
issue
12
pages
12 pages
publisher
Oxford University Press
external identifiers
  • scopus:85136552203
  • pmid:35403197
ISSN
2047-4881
DOI
10.1093/eurjpc/zwac055
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
d16c5bf4-bac3-47bd-81b3-0c5e1a176d1a
date added to LUP
2022-12-29 10:55:29
date last changed
2024-05-16 20:53:10
@article{d16c5bf4-bac3-47bd-81b3-0c5e1a176d1a,
  abstract     = {{<p>AIMS: This study aimed to evaluate the association between physical activity and the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) in individuals with and without CHD risk factors. METHODS AND RESULTS: EPIC-CVD is a case-cohort study of 29 333 participants that included 13 582 incident CHD cases and a randomly selected sub-cohort nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Self-reported physical activity was summarized using the Cambridge physical activity index (inactive, moderately inactive, moderately active, and active). Participants were categorized into sub-groups based on the presence or the absence of the following risk factors: obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2), hypercholesterolaemia (total cholesterol ≥6.2 mmol/L), history of diabetes, hypertension (self-reported or ≥140/90 mmHg), and current smoking. Prentice-weighted Cox regression was used to assess the association between physical activity and incident CHD events (non-fatal and fatal).Compared to inactive participants without the respective CHD risk factor (referent), excess CHD risk was highest in physically inactive and lowest in moderately active participants with CHD risk factors. Corresponding excess CHD risk estimates amongst those with obesity were 47% [95% confidence interval (CI) 32-64%] and 21% (95%CI 2-44%), with hypercholesterolaemia were 80% (95%CI 55-108%) and 48% (95%CI 22-81%), with hypertension were 80% (95%CI 65-96%) and 49% (95%CI 28-74%), with diabetes were 142% (95%CI 63-260%), and 100% (95%CI 32-204%), and amongst smokers were 152% (95%CI 122-186%) and 109% (95%CI 74-150%). CONCLUSIONS: In people with CHD risk factors, moderate physical activity, equivalent to 40 mins of walking per day, attenuates but does not completely offset CHD risk.</p>}},
  author       = {{Fortuin-de Smidt, Melony C. and Sewe, Maquins Odhiambo and Lassale, Camille and Weiderpass, Elisabete and Andersson, Jonas and Huerta, José María and Ekelund, Ulf and Aleksandrova, Krasimira and Tong, Tammy Yn and Dahm, Christina C. and Tjønneland, Anne and Kyrø, Cecilie and Steindorf, Karen and Schulze, Matthias B. and Katzke, Verena and Sacerdote, Carlotta and Agnoli, Claudia and Masala, Giovanna and Tumino, Rosario and Panico, Salvatore and Boer, Jolanda Ma and Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte and Wendel-Vos, Gc Wanda and van der Schouw, Yvonne T. and Borch, Kristin Benjaminsen and Agudo, Antonio and Petrova, Dafina and Chirlaque, María Dolores and Conchi, Moreno Iribas and Amiano, Pilar and Melander, Olle and Heath, Alicia K. and Aune, Dagfinn and Forouhi, Nita G. and Langenberg, Claudia and Brage, Soren and Riboli, Elio and Wareham, Nicholas J. and Danesh, John and Butterworth, Adam S. and Wennberg, Patrik}},
  issn         = {{2047-4881}},
  keywords     = {{Case-cohort study; Coronary heart disease; Physical activity; Population preventable fraction; Risk factors}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{12}},
  pages        = {{1618--1629}},
  publisher    = {{Oxford University Press}},
  series       = {{European Journal of Preventive Cardiology}},
  title        = {{Physical activity attenuates but does not eliminate coronary heart disease risk amongst adults with risk factors : EPIC-CVD case-cohort study}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwac055}},
  doi          = {{10.1093/eurjpc/zwac055}},
  volume       = {{29}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}