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Effects of GI and content of indigestible carbohydrates of cereal-based evening meals on glucose tolerance at a subsequent standardised breakfast

Nilsson, Anne LU orcid ; Granfeldt, Yvonne LU ; Östman, Elin LU ; Preston, Tom and Björck, Inger LU (2006) In European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 60(9). p.1092-1099
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the impact of four low-glycaemic index (GI) and one high-GI cereal-based evening meals on glucose tolerance at a subsequent standardised breakfast. Design: Wheat kernels, barley kernels, spaghetti, spaghetti with added wheat bran and white wheat bread (WWB) were consumed in the evening in a random order at five different occasions. At the subsequent breakfast, blood glucose, serum insulin, plasma short chain fatty acid, plasma free fatty acid (FFA) and breath hydrogen were measured. Setting: The study was performed at Applied Nutrition and Food Chemistry, Lund University, Sweden. Subjects: Fifteen healthy volunteers were recruited. One subject was later excluded owing to abnormal blood glucose values. Results: The... (More)
Objective: To evaluate the impact of four low-glycaemic index (GI) and one high-GI cereal-based evening meals on glucose tolerance at a subsequent standardised breakfast. Design: Wheat kernels, barley kernels, spaghetti, spaghetti with added wheat bran and white wheat bread (WWB) were consumed in the evening in a random order at five different occasions. At the subsequent breakfast, blood glucose, serum insulin, plasma short chain fatty acid, plasma free fatty acid (FFA) and breath hydrogen were measured. Setting: The study was performed at Applied Nutrition and Food Chemistry, Lund University, Sweden. Subjects: Fifteen healthy volunteers were recruited. One subject was later excluded owing to abnormal blood glucose values. Results: The blood glucose response (0-120 min) to the standardised breakfast was significantly lower after consuming barley kernels in the evening compared with evening meals with WWB (P = 0.019) or spaghetti+wheat bran (P = 0.046). There were no significant differences in insulin concentrations at breakfast. Breath hydrogen excretion at breakfast was significantly higher after an evening meal with barley kernels compared with WWB, wheat kernels or spaghetti (P = 0.026, 0.026 and 0.015, respectively), and the concentration of plasma propionate at breakfast was significantly higher following an evening meal with barley kernels compared with an evening meal with WWB (P = 0.041). In parallel, FFA concentrations were significantly lower after barley kernels compared with WWB (P = 0.042) or spaghetti evening meals (P = 0.019). Conclusions: The improved glucose tolerance at breakfast, following an evening meal with barley kernels appeared to emanate from suppression of FFA levels, mediated by colonic fermentation of the specific indigestible carbohydrates present in this product, or, to the combination of the low-GI features and colonic fermentation. (Less)
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author
; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
fermentation, colonic, indigestible carbohydrates, SCFA, glycaemic index, glucose tolerance, second-meal effect
in
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
volume
60
issue
9
pages
1092 - 1099
publisher
Nature Publishing Group
external identifiers
  • wos:000240286100008
  • scopus:33748423680
ISSN
1476-5640
DOI
10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602423
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
7a96bc8d-5d2f-4db7-a75f-99fa8b93cfad (old id 394773)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 15:18:33
date last changed
2023-11-13 17:05:20
@article{7a96bc8d-5d2f-4db7-a75f-99fa8b93cfad,
  abstract     = {{Objective: To evaluate the impact of four low-glycaemic index (GI) and one high-GI cereal-based evening meals on glucose tolerance at a subsequent standardised breakfast. Design: Wheat kernels, barley kernels, spaghetti, spaghetti with added wheat bran and white wheat bread (WWB) were consumed in the evening in a random order at five different occasions. At the subsequent breakfast, blood glucose, serum insulin, plasma short chain fatty acid, plasma free fatty acid (FFA) and breath hydrogen were measured. Setting: The study was performed at Applied Nutrition and Food Chemistry, Lund University, Sweden. Subjects: Fifteen healthy volunteers were recruited. One subject was later excluded owing to abnormal blood glucose values. Results: The blood glucose response (0-120 min) to the standardised breakfast was significantly lower after consuming barley kernels in the evening compared with evening meals with WWB (P = 0.019) or spaghetti+wheat bran (P = 0.046). There were no significant differences in insulin concentrations at breakfast. Breath hydrogen excretion at breakfast was significantly higher after an evening meal with barley kernels compared with WWB, wheat kernels or spaghetti (P = 0.026, 0.026 and 0.015, respectively), and the concentration of plasma propionate at breakfast was significantly higher following an evening meal with barley kernels compared with an evening meal with WWB (P = 0.041). In parallel, FFA concentrations were significantly lower after barley kernels compared with WWB (P = 0.042) or spaghetti evening meals (P = 0.019). Conclusions: The improved glucose tolerance at breakfast, following an evening meal with barley kernels appeared to emanate from suppression of FFA levels, mediated by colonic fermentation of the specific indigestible carbohydrates present in this product, or, to the combination of the low-GI features and colonic fermentation.}},
  author       = {{Nilsson, Anne and Granfeldt, Yvonne and Östman, Elin and Preston, Tom and Björck, Inger}},
  issn         = {{1476-5640}},
  keywords     = {{fermentation; colonic; indigestible carbohydrates; SCFA; glycaemic index; glucose tolerance; second-meal effect}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{9}},
  pages        = {{1092--1099}},
  publisher    = {{Nature Publishing Group}},
  series       = {{European Journal of Clinical Nutrition}},
  title        = {{Effects of GI and content of indigestible carbohydrates of cereal-based evening meals on glucose tolerance at a subsequent standardised breakfast}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602423}},
  doi          = {{10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602423}},
  volume       = {{60}},
  year         = {{2006}},
}