Development of outcomes for evaluating emergency care triage : a Delphi approach
Johansson, André LU
; Ekwall, Anna
LU
; Forberg, Jakob Lundager
LU
and Ekelund, Ulf
LU
(2023)
In Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine
31(1).
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Triage is used as standard of care for prioritization and identification of time-critical patients in the emergency department (ED) globally, but it is unclear what outcomes should be used to evaluate triage. Currently used outcomes do not include important time-critical diagnoses and conditions.
METHOD: We used 18 Swedish triage experts to collect and assess outcomes for the evaluation of 5-level triage systems. The experts suggested 68 outcomes which were then tested through a modified Delphi approach in three rounds. The outcomes aimed to identify correctly prioritized red patients (in need of a resuscitation team), and orange patients (other time critical conditions). Consensus was pre-defined as 70% dichotomized... (More)
BACKGROUND: Triage is used as standard of care for prioritization and identification of time-critical patients in the emergency department (ED) globally, but it is unclear what outcomes should be used to evaluate triage. Currently used outcomes do not include important time-critical diagnoses and conditions.
METHOD: We used 18 Swedish triage experts to collect and assess outcomes for the evaluation of 5-level triage systems. The experts suggested 68 outcomes which were then tested through a modified Delphi approach in three rounds. The outcomes aimed to identify correctly prioritized red patients (in need of a resuscitation team), and orange patients (other time critical conditions). Consensus was pre-defined as 70% dichotomized (positive/negative) concordance.
RESULTS: Diagnoses, interventions, mortality, level of care and lab results were included in the outcomes. Positive consensus was reached for 49 outcomes and negative consensus for 7 outcomes, with an 83% response rate. The five most approved outcomes were the interventions Percutaneous coronary intervention, Surgical airway and Massive transfusion together with the diagnoses Tension pneumothorax and Intracerebral hemorrhage that received specific interventions. The outcomes with the clearest disapproval included Admittance to a ward, Treatment with antihistamines and The ordering of a head computed tomography scan. The outcomes were considered valid only if occurring in or from the ED.
CONCLUSION: This study proposes a standard of 49 outcomes divided into two sets tied to red and orange priority respectively, to be used when evaluating 5-level priority triage systems; Lund Outcome Set for Evaluation of Triage (LOSET). The proposed outcomes include diagnoses, interventions and laboratory results. Before widespread implementation of LOSET, prospective testing is needed, preferably at multiple sites.
(Less)
- author
- Johansson, André
LU
; Ekwall, Anna
LU
; Forberg, Jakob Lundager
LU
and Ekelund, Ulf
LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2023-02-25
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Humans, Triage/methods, Prospective Studies, Emergency Medical Services/methods, Emergency Service, Hospital, Emergency Treatment, Delphi Technique
- in
- Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine
- volume
- 31
- issue
- 1
- article number
- 10
- publisher
- BioMed Central (BMC)
- external identifiers
-
- scopus:85149020259
- pmid:36841783
- ISSN
- 1757-7241
- DOI
- 10.1186/s13049-023-01073-1
- project
- AIR Lund - Artificially Intelligent use of Registers
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 7fc4462a-07c8-4e80-a3fa-fb3522ef1fac
- date added to LUP
- 2023-03-13 13:07:00
- date last changed
- 2024-06-28 01:53:10
@article{7fc4462a-07c8-4e80-a3fa-fb3522ef1fac,
abstract = {{<p>BACKGROUND: Triage is used as standard of care for prioritization and identification of time-critical patients in the emergency department (ED) globally, but it is unclear what outcomes should be used to evaluate triage. Currently used outcomes do not include important time-critical diagnoses and conditions.</p><p>METHOD: We used 18 Swedish triage experts to collect and assess outcomes for the evaluation of 5-level triage systems. The experts suggested 68 outcomes which were then tested through a modified Delphi approach in three rounds. The outcomes aimed to identify correctly prioritized red patients (in need of a resuscitation team), and orange patients (other time critical conditions). Consensus was pre-defined as 70% dichotomized (positive/negative) concordance.</p><p>RESULTS: Diagnoses, interventions, mortality, level of care and lab results were included in the outcomes. Positive consensus was reached for 49 outcomes and negative consensus for 7 outcomes, with an 83% response rate. The five most approved outcomes were the interventions Percutaneous coronary intervention, Surgical airway and Massive transfusion together with the diagnoses Tension pneumothorax and Intracerebral hemorrhage that received specific interventions. The outcomes with the clearest disapproval included Admittance to a ward, Treatment with antihistamines and The ordering of a head computed tomography scan. The outcomes were considered valid only if occurring in or from the ED.</p><p>CONCLUSION: This study proposes a standard of 49 outcomes divided into two sets tied to red and orange priority respectively, to be used when evaluating 5-level priority triage systems; Lund Outcome Set for Evaluation of Triage (LOSET). The proposed outcomes include diagnoses, interventions and laboratory results. Before widespread implementation of LOSET, prospective testing is needed, preferably at multiple sites.</p>}},
author = {{Johansson, André and Ekwall, Anna and Forberg, Jakob Lundager and Ekelund, Ulf}},
issn = {{1757-7241}},
keywords = {{Humans; Triage/methods; Prospective Studies; Emergency Medical Services/methods; Emergency Service, Hospital; Emergency Treatment; Delphi Technique}},
language = {{eng}},
month = {{02}},
number = {{1}},
publisher = {{BioMed Central (BMC)}},
series = {{Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine}},
title = {{Development of outcomes for evaluating emergency care triage : a Delphi approach}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13049-023-01073-1}},
doi = {{10.1186/s13049-023-01073-1}},
volume = {{31}},
year = {{2023}},
}