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Commercial infant cereals contain high concentrations of endotoxins and viable Bacillus spp.

Oscarsson, E. LU ; Hård Af Segerstad, E. M. LU orcid ; Larsson, C. LU ; Östbring, K. LU ; Agardh, D. LU and Håkansson LU (2020) In Food Control 118.
Abstract

Background: Endotoxin may cause inflammation and increased intestinal permeability in infants with immature immune systems and gut microbiota. This study analysed the presence of endotoxin together with other potentially hazardous agents in commercial infant cereals. Methods: Four porridges and six milk cereal drinks bought in Sweden were analysed for the presence of endotoxins using Endosafe MCS. The quantity of viable bacteria was determined using conventional culturing methods and the isolates were identified with Sanger sequencing. Enterotoxin producing genes were analysed through multiplex PCR and levels of mycotoxins were studied using uHPLC MS/MS. Results: The endotoxin concentration ranged from 1400 to 24200 EU/g powder. Viable... (More)

Background: Endotoxin may cause inflammation and increased intestinal permeability in infants with immature immune systems and gut microbiota. This study analysed the presence of endotoxin together with other potentially hazardous agents in commercial infant cereals. Methods: Four porridges and six milk cereal drinks bought in Sweden were analysed for the presence of endotoxins using Endosafe MCS. The quantity of viable bacteria was determined using conventional culturing methods and the isolates were identified with Sanger sequencing. Enterotoxin producing genes were analysed through multiplex PCR and levels of mycotoxins were studied using uHPLC MS/MS. Results: The endotoxin concentration ranged from 1400 to 24200 EU/g powder. Viable bacteria were found in the products, indicating survivability of Bacillus spp in dry powders. No traces of mycotoxins were found. Conclusion: This study indicates that substantial concentrations of endotoxins are present in powdered infant cereal-based foods. Furthermore, the amount of living bacteria ingested with some of the products was high.

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author
; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Endotoxin, Enterotoxin, Infant cereals, Microorganisms, Mycotoxin
in
Food Control
volume
118
article number
107367
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • scopus:85085654228
ISSN
0956-7135
DOI
10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107367
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
87ef0483-6ec5-4a43-b92d-8ce591cf6b58
date added to LUP
2020-06-08 13:59:43
date last changed
2023-12-18 23:00:11
@article{87ef0483-6ec5-4a43-b92d-8ce591cf6b58,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background: Endotoxin may cause inflammation and increased intestinal permeability in infants with immature immune systems and gut microbiota. This study analysed the presence of endotoxin together with other potentially hazardous agents in commercial infant cereals. Methods: Four porridges and six milk cereal drinks bought in Sweden were analysed for the presence of endotoxins using Endosafe MCS. The quantity of viable bacteria was determined using conventional culturing methods and the isolates were identified with Sanger sequencing. Enterotoxin producing genes were analysed through multiplex PCR and levels of mycotoxins were studied using uHPLC MS/MS. Results: The endotoxin concentration ranged from 1400 to 24200 EU/g powder. Viable bacteria were found in the products, indicating survivability of Bacillus spp in dry powders. No traces of mycotoxins were found. Conclusion: This study indicates that substantial concentrations of endotoxins are present in powdered infant cereal-based foods. Furthermore, the amount of living bacteria ingested with some of the products was high.</p>}},
  author       = {{Oscarsson, E. and Hård Af Segerstad, E. M. and Larsson, C. and Östbring, K. and Agardh, D. and Håkansson}},
  issn         = {{0956-7135}},
  keywords     = {{Endotoxin; Enterotoxin; Infant cereals; Microorganisms; Mycotoxin}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Food Control}},
  title        = {{Commercial infant cereals contain high concentrations of endotoxins and viable Bacillus spp.}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107367}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107367}},
  volume       = {{118}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}