Maternal serum vitamin D level in early pregnancy and risk for preeclampsia : A casecontrol study in Southern Sweden
(2023) In PLoS ONE 18(2 February).- Abstract
Background Preeclampsia is considered a major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present case-control study in Sweden was to assess the hypothesized association between low serum vitamin D concentrations in early pregnancy and the risk of developing preeclampsia since vitamin D may play a role in early placental development. Methods The study included 296 women diagnosed with preeclampsia (cases) and 580 healthy pregnant women (controls). Serum samples were obtained from a biobank of samples collected in early pregnancy including almost all pregnancies in Southern Sweden. Concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (vitamin D) were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandemmass- spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). The... (More)
Background Preeclampsia is considered a major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present case-control study in Sweden was to assess the hypothesized association between low serum vitamin D concentrations in early pregnancy and the risk of developing preeclampsia since vitamin D may play a role in early placental development. Methods The study included 296 women diagnosed with preeclampsia (cases) and 580 healthy pregnant women (controls). Serum samples were obtained from a biobank of samples collected in early pregnancy including almost all pregnancies in Southern Sweden. Concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (vitamin D) were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandemmass- spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). The cases were divided into two categories: i) infants were born before gestational week 34 (early onset) and/or born small-for-gestational age (SGA)(n = 51), ii) and others defined as late onset (n = 245). Vitamin D concentrations were analyzed both as a continuous and a categorized variable. Results When all preeclampsia cases were included in the analyses no consistent patterns were observed. However, the median serum concentrations of vitamin D were significantly lower among the cases who were early onset and/or were born SGA (median 39.2 nmol/L, range 1.2-93.6) as compared to the controls (49.0 nmol/L, 0.1-219; p = 0.01). In addition, high concentrations were statistically significantly associated with a decreased risk of preeclampsia (>66.9 vs ≤30.1 nmol/L; crude OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.16-0.96). When potential confounders were included in the models the associations were even more pronounced. Conclusions Our results support the hypothesis that vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for preeclampsia, but only in preeclampsia cases who were early-onset and/or were born SGA. Preeclampsia is not a homogenous condition and more studies are needed before vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy can be recommended.
(Less)
- author
- Malm, Gunilla LU ; Lindh, Christian H. LU ; Hansson, Stefan R. LU ; Källén, Karin LU ; Malm, Johan LU and Rylander, Lars LU
- organization
-
- Environmental Epidemiology (research group)
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University
- Applied Mass Spectrometry in Environmental Medicine (research group)
- EpiHealth: Epidemiology for Health
- Unit for translational obstetric research (research group)
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Lund)
- Tornblad Institute (research group)
- eSSENCE: The e-Science Collaboration
- Clinical Protein Science and Imaging (research group)
- Department of Translational Medicine
- Clinical Chemistry, Malmö (research group)
- Metalund
- publishing date
- 2023-02
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- in
- PLoS ONE
- volume
- 18
- issue
- 2 February
- article number
- e0281234
- publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- external identifiers
-
- scopus:85147720437
- pmid:36749741
- ISSN
- 1932-6203
- DOI
- 10.1371/journal.pone.0281234
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 5e964d80-7cda-4cc3-a1d4-6c0abf8bce18
- date added to LUP
- 2023-02-21 14:08:32
- date last changed
- 2024-09-21 01:57:27
@article{5e964d80-7cda-4cc3-a1d4-6c0abf8bce18, abstract = {{<p>Background Preeclampsia is considered a major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present case-control study in Sweden was to assess the hypothesized association between low serum vitamin D concentrations in early pregnancy and the risk of developing preeclampsia since vitamin D may play a role in early placental development. Methods The study included 296 women diagnosed with preeclampsia (cases) and 580 healthy pregnant women (controls). Serum samples were obtained from a biobank of samples collected in early pregnancy including almost all pregnancies in Southern Sweden. Concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (vitamin D) were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandemmass- spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). The cases were divided into two categories: i) infants were born before gestational week 34 (early onset) and/or born small-for-gestational age (SGA)(n = 51), ii) and others defined as late onset (n = 245). Vitamin D concentrations were analyzed both as a continuous and a categorized variable. Results When all preeclampsia cases were included in the analyses no consistent patterns were observed. However, the median serum concentrations of vitamin D were significantly lower among the cases who were early onset and/or were born SGA (median 39.2 nmol/L, range 1.2-93.6) as compared to the controls (49.0 nmol/L, 0.1-219; p = 0.01). In addition, high concentrations were statistically significantly associated with a decreased risk of preeclampsia (>66.9 vs ≤30.1 nmol/L; crude OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.16-0.96). When potential confounders were included in the models the associations were even more pronounced. Conclusions Our results support the hypothesis that vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for preeclampsia, but only in preeclampsia cases who were early-onset and/or were born SGA. Preeclampsia is not a homogenous condition and more studies are needed before vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy can be recommended.</p>}}, author = {{Malm, Gunilla and Lindh, Christian H. and Hansson, Stefan R. and Källén, Karin and Malm, Johan and Rylander, Lars}}, issn = {{1932-6203}}, language = {{eng}}, number = {{2 February}}, publisher = {{Public Library of Science (PLoS)}}, series = {{PLoS ONE}}, title = {{Maternal serum vitamin D level in early pregnancy and risk for preeclampsia : A casecontrol study in Southern Sweden}}, url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281234}}, doi = {{10.1371/journal.pone.0281234}}, volume = {{18}}, year = {{2023}}, }