Type 2 diabetes candidate genes, including PAX5, cause impaired insulin secretion in human pancreatic islets
(2023) In The Journal of clinical investigation 133(4).- Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is caused by insufficient insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. To identify candidates contributing to T2D pathophysiology, we studied human pancreatic islets from ~300 individuals. We found 395 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in islets from individuals with T2D, including, to our knowledge, novel (OPRD1, PAX5, TET1) and previously identified (CHL1, GLRA1, IAPP) candidates. A third of the identified islet expression changes may predispose to diabetes, as they associated with HbA1c in individuals not previously diagnosed with T2D. Most DEGs were expressed in human β-cells based on single-cell RNA-sequencing data. Additionally, DEGs displayed alterations in open chromatin and associated with T2D-SNPs.... (More)
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is caused by insufficient insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. To identify candidates contributing to T2D pathophysiology, we studied human pancreatic islets from ~300 individuals. We found 395 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in islets from individuals with T2D, including, to our knowledge, novel (OPRD1, PAX5, TET1) and previously identified (CHL1, GLRA1, IAPP) candidates. A third of the identified islet expression changes may predispose to diabetes, as they associated with HbA1c in individuals not previously diagnosed with T2D. Most DEGs were expressed in human β-cells based on single-cell RNA-sequencing data. Additionally, DEGs displayed alterations in open chromatin and associated with T2D-SNPs. Mouse knock-out strains demonstrated that T2D-associated candidates regulate glucose homeostasis and body composition in vivo. Functional validation showed that mimicking T2D-associated changes for OPRD1, PAX5, and SLC2A2 impaired insulin secretion. Impairments in Pax5-overexpressing β-cells were due to severe mitochondrial dysfunction. Finally, we discovered PAX5 as a potential transcriptional regulator of many T2D-associated DEGs in human islets. Overall, we identified molecular alterations in human pancreatic islets contributing to β-cell dysfunction in T2D pathophysiology.
(Less)
- author
- organization
-
- EXODIAB: Excellence of Diabetes Research in Sweden
- Diabetes - Epigenetics (research group)
- Diabetes - Islet Cell Exocytosis (research group)
- StemTherapy: National Initiative on Stem Cells for Regenerative Therapy
- Stem Cell Center
- Endocrine Cell Differentiation and Function (research group)
- Neuroendocrine Cell Biology (research group)
- Diabetes - Islet Patophysiology (research group)
- Diabetic Complications (research group)
- Diabetes - Molecular Metabolism (research group)
- Medical Protein Science (research group)
- Imaging
- Translational Muscle Research (research group)
- EpiHealth: Epidemiology for Health
- publishing date
- 2023-01-19
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- in
- The Journal of clinical investigation
- volume
- 133
- issue
- 4
- article number
- e163612
- publisher
- The American Society for Clinical Investigation
- external identifiers
-
- scopus:85148113921
- pmid:36656641
- ISSN
- 0021-9738
- DOI
- 10.1172/JCI163612
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 6e29db61-7b25-42ca-a53e-bc86861342ac
- date added to LUP
- 2023-02-09 11:14:10
- date last changed
- 2024-11-16 16:57:37
@article{6e29db61-7b25-42ca-a53e-bc86861342ac, abstract = {{<p>Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is caused by insufficient insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. To identify candidates contributing to T2D pathophysiology, we studied human pancreatic islets from ~300 individuals. We found 395 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in islets from individuals with T2D, including, to our knowledge, novel (OPRD1, PAX5, TET1) and previously identified (CHL1, GLRA1, IAPP) candidates. A third of the identified islet expression changes may predispose to diabetes, as they associated with HbA1c in individuals not previously diagnosed with T2D. Most DEGs were expressed in human β-cells based on single-cell RNA-sequencing data. Additionally, DEGs displayed alterations in open chromatin and associated with T2D-SNPs. Mouse knock-out strains demonstrated that T2D-associated candidates regulate glucose homeostasis and body composition in vivo. Functional validation showed that mimicking T2D-associated changes for OPRD1, PAX5, and SLC2A2 impaired insulin secretion. Impairments in Pax5-overexpressing β-cells were due to severe mitochondrial dysfunction. Finally, we discovered PAX5 as a potential transcriptional regulator of many T2D-associated DEGs in human islets. Overall, we identified molecular alterations in human pancreatic islets contributing to β-cell dysfunction in T2D pathophysiology.</p>}}, author = {{Bacos, Karl and Perfilyev, Alexander and Karagiannopoulos, Alexandros and Cowan, Elaine and Ofori, Jones K and Bertonnier-Brouty, Ludivine and Rönn, Tina and Lindqvist, Andreas and Luan, Cheng and Ruhrmann, Sabrina and Ngara, Mtakai and Nilsson, Åsa and Gheibi, Sevda and Lyons, Claire L and Lagerstedt, Jens O and Barghouth, Mohammad and Esguerra, Jonathan Ls and Volkov, Petr and Fex, Malin and Mulder, Hindrik and Wierup, Nils and Krus, Ulrika and Artner, Isabella and Eliasson, Lena and Prasad, Rashmi B and Cataldo, Luis Rodrigo and Ling, Charlotte}}, issn = {{0021-9738}}, language = {{eng}}, month = {{01}}, number = {{4}}, publisher = {{The American Society for Clinical Investigation}}, series = {{The Journal of clinical investigation}}, title = {{Type 2 diabetes candidate genes, including PAX5, cause impaired insulin secretion in human pancreatic islets}}, url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI163612}}, doi = {{10.1172/JCI163612}}, volume = {{133}}, year = {{2023}}, }